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Anatomy Module I > Lecture 2 - Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Connective Tissue Function

A

Provide Structural Support
Medium for nutrient exchange
Aid in Defense and protection of body
Form site for storage of fat

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2
Q

Connective tissue is made up of…

A

extracellular matrix and cells

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3
Q

extracellular matrix function

A

resists both compressive and tensile forces

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4
Q

extracellular matrix is made up of…

A

Ground substance

Fibers

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5
Q

ground substance is made up of…

A

Glycosaminoglycans
proteoglycans
adhesive glycoproteins

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6
Q

3 Types of Fibers in the ECM

A

Collagen, Elastic Fibers, and Reticular

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7
Q

Glycosaminoglyans (GAG)

A

long, inflexible, unbranched polysaccharides whose function is to attract water, resist compression and slow the movement of cells (ex. hyaluronic acid)

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8
Q

Proteoglycans

A

proteins + GAGs whose function is to attract water, resist compression and slow the movement of cells (ex. aggrecan)

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9
Q

Adhesive glycoproteins

A

large macromolecules with cell surface proteins called integrins whose function is to fasten tissue components together (ex. fibronectin

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10
Q

Most prevalent protein in the body

A

collagen

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11
Q

Type I collagen

A

Function: resists tension and pull
Location: dermis of skin, bone, capsules of organs, fibrocartilage, dentin, cementum, and tendons

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12
Q

Type II collagen

A

function: resistance to pressure
location: hyaline and elastic cartilage

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13
Q

Type III collagen

A

Also known as reticular cartilage
Function: structural support
Location: reticular fibers of the spleen, liver, lungs, and skin

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14
Q

Type IV collagen

A

Function: support and filtration
Location: basal lamina

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15
Q

Type V collagen

A

Function: associated with type I collagen
Location: fetal tissues, placenta, dermis, bone, and most interstitial tissues

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16
Q

Type VII collagen

A

Function: anchors the epidermal basal layer to the underlying dermis
Location: skin

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17
Q

Types of Collagen forming the basement membrane

A

Type IV and VII

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18
Q

Where is the Connective Tissue Derived From

A

Mesenchyme

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19
Q

Fibrilar Collagens

A

Type I, II, III, form large fibrils

20
Q

Sheet-forming Collagens

A

Type IV, major tructural proteins of external laminae and the basal lamina

21
Q

Linking Anchoring Collagens

A

Short Collagens that link fibrillar collagens together Type VII is one. they are an anchor

22
Q

Property of Elastin Aggregates

A

They are cross-linked together and are able to be stretched or distended and then return to original shape

23
Q

Elastic Fibers Compared to Collagen Fibers (size density)

A

They are thinner than type I collagen and are more sparse in networks (thinner on picture)

24
Q

Reticular Fibers (composition, size, function)

A

Composed of Type III collagen
Have narrow diameters, are shorter and more branched than elastin
Provide supporting framework (scaffolding) for cellular constituents of tissues and organs

25
Q

Types of Cells in Connective Tissue

A

Fixed Cells - Only located in the Connective tissue

Transient Cells - cells of immune system that come in and out

26
Q

What are the Three Fixed Cells

A

Fibroblast
Adipose Cells
Pericytes

27
Q

Fibroblast Function

A 
Produce ECM (most abundant Cell Type)
Originates in Mesenchyme
28
Q

Types of Fibroblast

A

Active Fibroblast
Inactive Fibroblast AKA quiescent
Myofibroblasts

29
Q

Myofibroblasts (Function, When seen, Dental Correlation)

A

Specialized Fibroblast that contracts in wound to heal it
has some contractibility and is seen in wound healing
found in periodontal ligament and nicotine inhibits it

30
Q

Active Fibroblasts

A

Type of Fibroblast cell in the Connective Tissue
close to collagen, produce ECM
has a football shape

31
Q

Inactive Fibroblast AKA quiescent fibroblast

A

Type of Fibroblast cell in the Connective Tissue
differentiates in to
active, smallrer then active, can become adipose,
cartilage, or osteoblasts under extreme situations

32
Q

Adipocytes Function and where seen

A

Synthesize and store and release fat,
either unilocular or multilocular
may also form adipose tissue
seen around blood vessels

33
Q

Types of Adipocytes (and structure)

A

White Fat - unilocular single drop large fat cells, most common for energy
Brown Fat - multilocular, several small drops
stains darker, dense blood supply lots of mitochondria, thermogenic, and found post natal

34
Q

Pericytes (Where they are seen)

A

Associated with Blood Vessels, have long processes that wrap around the vessels and act as smooth muscle

35
Q

Five Categories in Classification of Connective Tissue

A 
Mesenchyme
Connective Tissue Proper
Reticular Tissue
Adipose tissue
Specialized Connective Tissue
36
Q

Mesenchyme (What if forms in to, and consists of)

A

Loosely packed unspecialized cells, in ECM

Precursor for blood and blood vessels, and connective, supportive and muscle tissue

37
Q

What are the types of Connective tissue proper

A

Loose and Dense

38
Q

Loose Connective Tissue ( composition and location)

A

lots of ground substance, very flexible

fills in places that are just under the skin

39
Q

Dense Connective Tissue types

A

Dense Irregular and Dense Regular

40
Q

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue (composition and location)

A

tightly packed not organized cant make out arrangement,

and found in dermis of skin and lymph nodes

41
Q

Dense Regular CT Types (two of them, location, and composition)

A

Collagenous - seen in tendons, organizes in parallel to resist tensile
Elastic -some organization, found in large blood vessels, organized fibers of elastic

42
Q

Reticular Fiber

A

A connective Tissue Type

found with Collagen III that creates archetectural framework

43
Q

Adipose Tissue

A

A category of Connective tissue

abundant in adipocytes

44
Q

The Specialized Connective Tissues

A

Cartilage, Bone, Blood

45
Q

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

A

Connective Tissue Disorder Resulting in defects in fibrillar collagen. (seen as really stretchy skin) defects in collagen I as result

46
Q

Marfan Syndrome

A

Mutation in Fibrillin I gene
Cannot maintain elastic fibers
have long bones and weird connective tissue

Anatomy Module I (9 decks)

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