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Neuro Rehab Mid Term > Lecture 2: BSF Exam- Cognition, ACOM, Sensation > Flashcards

Lecture 2: BSF Exam- Cognition, ACOM, Sensation Flashcards

1
Q

What are important questions to ask during subjective history?

A

prior level of function, living environment, work?, resources available, current limitations, client goals

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2
Q

What are main components of neuro systems review?

A

gross movement, motor function

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3
Q

What are areas of gross movement?

A

balance, transfer, gait/ wc mobility

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4
Q

What are areas of motor function?

A

motor control/ muscle tone

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5
Q

What are two different approaches that can be taken for a neuro exam?

A
  1. impairment or body structure based/ function oriented

2. activity oriented

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6
Q

What factors influence what method you choose?

A

setting, pt status, level of expertise

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7
Q

What are components of BSF oriented exam?

A

ROM, MMT, muscle tone, consciousness, sensation, cognition, motor control/ACOM, reflexes, cranial nerve integrity

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8
Q

What do you do during an activity based exam?

A

examine and analyze activities then formulate list of hypothesized contributing factors (HCF)

then perform tests specific to HCF to refute or confirm

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9
Q

What are components of activity based exam?

A

balance, trunk control, reaching, bed mobility, transfers, ambulation, stairs, sit to stand

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10
Q

What is consciousness and level of arousal?

A

determines level of readiness for activity

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11
Q

What is alert?

A

awake, attentive, interactive

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12
Q

What is lethargic?

A

drowsy, brief response to stimuli, poor attention

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13
Q

What is obtunded?

A

difficult to arouse, confused when alert

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14
Q

What is stupor/ semicoma?

A

not self alerting, responds to vigorous or noxious stimuli

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15
Q

What is a coma?

A

can’t be aroused, unconscious, no sleep wake cycle

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16
Q

What is a vegetative state?

A

irregular sleep wake cycle, can be aroused but no awareness of environment

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17
Q

What is persistent vegetative state?

A

remain in vegetative state for greater than 3 months(anoxia) or 1 year (TBI)

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18
Q

What is locked in syndrome?

A

alert and unable to respond to environment, no speech or active movements

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19
Q

What are two standardized tests for consciousness?

A

glasgow come scale

rancho los amigos scale

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20
Q

What are different areas of cognition?

A

orientation - AO x 3

attention, memory, executive functions

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21
Q

What are components of attention?

A

ability to screen and process sensory info

ability to concentrate and dual task

document: speed of response, duration

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22
Q

What are components of memory?

A

register, retain and recall

short vs long term, ability to follow multi step commands

23
Q

What is retrograde amnesia?

A

can’t recall past info

24
Q

What is anterograde amnesia?

A

can’t learn new info

25
Q

What are executive functions?

A

awareness, reasoning, planning, judgement, intuition, decision making

26
Q

What are two standardized test and measures for cognition and what scores are needed to “pass”?

A

mini mental state exam- 24/30

Montreal cognitive assessment 26/30

27
Q

What is Wernicke’s aphasia?

A

receptive or unable to understand language

28
Q

What is Broca’s aphasia?

A

expressive, trouble with speaking

29
Q

What is dysarthria?

A

poor articulation

30
Q

Why is somatosensation so important?

A

critical to motor learning and motor performance, guides selection of movement pattern required in a given sensory environment, used by CNS to modify or adapt ongoing movements

31
Q

What is so important about sensory integration?

A

vital to planning and allowing interaction with environment

people can have intact somatosensation but impaired integration

32
Q

What does light touch, pain and temperature assess?

A

anterolateral column in spinal cord, fibers slow and small

33
Q

What does vibration, two point discrimination and proprioception test?

A

dorsal column of spinal cord

large and fast fibers

34
Q

What will be affected in nerve root lesion?

A

dermatomal distribution or abnormal sensation

35
Q

What will be affected in peripheral nerve involvement?

A

distribution of that specific nerve

36
Q

What is will neuropathy affect?

A

stocking glove distribution

37
Q

What do you test for superficial sensation?

A

pain- sharp/dull
temp- hot/ cold
light touch- cotton balls/ swab, monofilaments
pressure- finger tip

start distal to proximal and usually done first

38
Q

How to test deep sensation?

A

kinesthesia- movement sense

proprioception- joint position

vibration perception

39
Q

What are combined cortical sensations?

A

cortical sensory areas that involve both superficial and deep sensation

40
Q

What is agnosia?

A

not knowing

41
Q

What is neglect?

A

lack of awareness or attention

42
Q

What is stereognosis?

A

object recognition

43
Q

What is 2 point discrimination?

A

distinguish between one or two stimuli

44
Q

What is double simultaneous stimulation?

A

apply stimuli to one or both sides or the same body location simultaneously, identify between one or two stimuli

45
Q

What is graphesthesia?

A

identify figures drawn on skin

46
Q

What is barognosis?

A

identify which object is heavier or lighter

47
Q

What is active control of movement?

A

ACOM, assessment of motor control

ability to execute a motor plan and isolate muscle of muscle groups

48
Q

What are two different types of movement seen in neuro patients?

A
  1. selective or isolated

2. abnormal synergistic patterns, occurs with attempt to actively move limb

49
Q

What are you looking for during ACOM?

A

is motion absent? initiated?

complete range of motion? AG or GM?

isolated?

abnormal patterns?

50
Q

When do you use MMT for neuro pts?

A

if movement is isolated even just a little

51
Q

What is a classic UE flexion synergy pattern?

A 
scap retraction and elevation
shoulder ABD and ER
Elbow flexion
forearm supination
wrist finger flexion
52
Q

What is classic LE flexion synergy pattern?

A

Hip flex. ABD, ER

knee flexion

ankle DF, inversion

53
Q

What is classic UE extension pattern?

A 
scap protraction
shoulder ADD/IR
elbow extension
forearm pronation
wrist finger flexion
54
Q

What is classic LE extension pattern?

A

hip ext, ADD, IR
knee extension
ankle PF/ INV

Neuro Rehab Mid Term (14 decks)

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