Lecture 2- Basic of Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Diencephalon AKA
Thalamus
what does the thalamus do
receives sensory info from cebral cortex
sorts info. ROUTER
sensory and motor signals
Cerebellum functions
sensory integration, fine motor control, error based learning
voluntary movements, speech, balance, complex decisions
spinal cord function
receives sensory info in and up to brain or sends motor info down stem and to limbs
Brainstem parts and functions
Medulla
pons
mid brain
-
sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
sympathetic- stress responses
para- rest and digest
While your sympathetic nervous system carries signals that put your body’s systems on alert, your parasympathetic carries signals that relax those systems.
PERTERVATION
disturbance or external stimuli we react tp
CNS and PNS
central nervous system brain and spinal cord
periphery nervous system everything else
Afferent and Efferent
Nerve cells that carry information toward the central nervous system (or farther centrally within the spinal cord and brain) are called afferent neurons; nerve cells that carry information away from the brain or spinal cord (or away from the circuit in question) are called efferent neurons.
How does info travel in the spinal cord
info in thru the back out thru the front
where are the lumps in the spine and why
cervical and lumbar bc more nerves coming in and out to limbs
grey and white matter
The grey matter is the place where the processing of sensation, perception, voluntary movement, learning, speech and cognition takes place. White matter’s role is to provide communication between different grey matter areas and between grey matter and the rest of your body.
Ganglion
in the PNS collection of cell bodies
Nucleus
in the CNS collection of cell bodies
types of glial cells
AND function.
SAO
astrocytes- provide nutritional support for neurons and repair damaged ones
Schwann- myelinate neurons in the PNS wrap around an axon
oligodentrocytes- myelinate neurons in the CNS. form a web. SPIDERMAN
dermatone
area of skin supplied by neurons
NEURON
dendrites receive signals
axon send out and myelin make sure signals stay healthy
form follows function
myelin speed up electrical signal transfer
axon hillock is where you decide if an action potential occurs
motor neuron
efferents
away from brain and in spinal cord
ventral horn
sensory neuron
afferents and outside spinal cord
Reciprocal inhibition
Reciprocal inhibition describes the relaxation of muscles on one side of a joint to accommodate contraction on the other side. In some allied health disciplines, this is known as reflexive antagonism. The central nervous system sends a message to the agonist muscle to contract
Interneurons
As the name suggests, interneurons are the ones in between - they connect spinal motor and sensory neurons. As well as transferring signals between sensory and motor neurons,
