Lecture 2: Anatomy and Morphology - 10/4 Flashcards

1
Q

Which kingdoms are eukaryotes divided into?

A

Fungi, protista, plants, and animals

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2
Q

What are the two subdivisions of the plant kingdom?

A

Non-vascular and vascular plants

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3
Q

What are the two subdivisions of vascular plants?

A

Seedless plants
and
Seed plants

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4
Q

What are the two divisions of seedless plants?

A

Lycophyta and Pteridophyta

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5
Q

What are the 5 seed plant divisions?

A

Cycadophyta, gingkophyta, coniferophyta, gnetophyta, and anthophyta (angiosperms)

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6
Q

What are the two divisions of angiosperms?

A

Monocotyledones and dicotyledones

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7
Q

What are characteristics of monocots?

A

One cotyledon, usually parallel leaf venation, vascular tissue scattered, fibrous root system, pollen grain w/ one opening, floral organs usually in multiples of 3

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8
Q

What are characteristics of dicots?

A

Two cotyledons, usually netlike leaf venation, vascular tissue usually arranged in ring, taproot, pollen grain w/ 3 openings, floral organs usually in multiples of 4 or 5

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9
Q

Vascular cambium

A

A one-layer thick cylinder of meristomatic cells
Adds secondary xylem (wood) to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside. A secondary meristem

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9
Q

Bark

A

Consists of all the tissues external to the vascular cambium (like the secondary phloem produced by the vascular cambium and periderm)

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10
Q

Periderm

A

In a plant stem, consists of the cork cambium (secondary meristem) plus the layers of cork cells it produces (the bark). It’s basically the corky outer layer of a stem and an example of secondary growth

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11
Q

Primary growth

A

Comes from apical meristems, resulting in new growth. Examples are shoot and root tips

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12
Q

Secondary growth

A

Growth of already existing tissue. The cork cambium is a good example of secondary growth

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13
Q

Xylem

A

Conducts water in plant tissues
Present in both mono and dicots

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14
Q

Phloem

A

Conducts sugars in plant tissues
Present in both mono and dicots

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