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Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 1 > Lecture 2: Anatomical Orientation > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Anatomical Orientation Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Picture of a person when structure is being described,
Standing upright, feet flat, arms at sides,
Palms, eyes, and face forward,
Left/right in reference to subject, not observer

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2
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Front,

Torso

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3
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Back,

Torso

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4
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head,

Torso

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5
Q

Inferior

A

Toward the feet,

Torso

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6
Q

Lateral

A

Away from body midline,
Torso,
Extremities

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7
Q

Medial

A

Toward body midline,
Torso,
Extremities

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8
Q

Proximal

A

Near point of attachment,

Extremities

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9
Q

Distal

A

Far from point of attachment,

Extremities

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10
Q

Unilateral

A

One side affected/included,

Left or Right

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11
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides affected/included,

Left and Right

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12
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side affected,

Ex: stroke patients

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13
Q

Deep

A

Away from body surface

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14
Q

Superficial

A

Toward body surface

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15
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up

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16
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down

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17
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Front/back division (frontal)

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18
Q

Sagital Plane

A

Left/right division

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19
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Upper/lower division (horizontal)

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20
Q

Flexion

A

Bending movement that results in decrease of the angle in a joint by bringing bones together

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21
Q

Extension

A

Opposite of flexion,

Straightening movement that results in an increase of the angle in a join by moving bones apart

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22
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

Bottom of foot flexion,
Pointing toes down (inferior),
Standing on toes

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23
Q

Dorsal Flexion/Dorsiflexion

A

Top of foot flexion,
Pulling toes up (superior),
Standing on heels

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24
Q

Abduction

A

Lateral movement away from the midline of the trunk (shoulder/hip)

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25
Q

Adduction

A

Movement medially toward the midline of the trunk

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26
Q

Lateral Flexion

A

Lateral bending only of the head or trunk

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27
Q

Elevation

A

Shoulder (scapulae),
Jaw (TMJ),
Superior movement,
Ex: Shrugging, closing jaw, etc

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28
Q

Depression

A

Shoulder (scapulae),
Jaw (TMJ),
Inferior movement,
Ex: Opening jaw

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29
Q

Protraction

A

Mandible anterior,

Jaw (TMJ)

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30
Q

Retraction

A

Mandible posterior,

Jaw (TMJ)

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31
Q

Eversion

A 
Plantar laterally (out, pronation),
Ankle
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32
Q

Inversion

A 
Plantar Medially (in, supination),
Ankle
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33
Q

Ulnar Deviation

A

Medial bone of forearm,

Wrist

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34
Q

Radial Deviation

A

Lateral bone of forearm,

Wrist

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35
Q

Rotation

A

Left and Right,

Head, neck, trunk

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36
Q

External (lateral) Rotation

A

Away from midline (shoulder/hip)

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37
Q

Internal (medial) Rotation

A

Toward midline (shoulder/hip)

38
Q

Shoulder movement/rotations moves the arm _____

A

In and out

39
Q

Supination

A

Palms up,

Ex: holding soup

40
Q

Pronation

A

Palms down,

Ex: pouring soup

41
Q

Axial Region

A

Head,
Neck,
Trunk

42
Q

Cranium

43
Q

Facies

44
Q

Frons

45
Q

Ocules

46
Q

Oris

47
Q

Auris

48
Q

Bucca

49
Q

Mentis/Mental

50
Q

Umbillicus

A

Belly Button

51
Q

Pelvis

52
Q

Cervicis/Cervical

53
Q

Thoracis/Thorax

54
Q

Lumbar

A

Lower Back

55
Q

Abdomen

A

Abdomen, not stomach

56
Q

Inguen/Inguinal

57
Q

Appendicular

A

Upper/Lower Limbs

58
Q

Upper Extremity

A

Arm & Forearm

59
Q

Lower Extremity

A

Thigh & Leg

60
Q

Axilla

61
Q

Brachium

62
Q

Antebrachium

63
Q

Olecranon

64
Q

Carpus

65
Q

Palmar Surface

66
Q

Gluteus/Gluteal

67
Q

Popliteus/Popliteal

A

Back of Knee

68
Q

Patella

69
Q

Dorsal Surface

A

Top of Foot

70
Q

Plantar Surface

A

Bottom of Foot

71
Q

Hypochondriac Regions

A

Above Stomach,

Left & Right,

72
Q

Epigastric Region

A

Middle,

Above Stomach

73
Q

Lumbar Region

A

Lower Back,

Left & Right

74
Q

Umbilical Region

A

Middle of Abdomen,

Belly Button

75
Q

Inguinal Region

A

Groin,

Left & Right

76
Q

Hypogastric Region

A

Pubic Region,

Middle

77
Q

Body Cavities

A

Spaces within the body that protect organs and permit change/movement/growth

78
Q

Dorsal Body Cavity

A

CNS,
Cranial (brain),
Vertebral Canal (spinal cord)

79
Q

Ventral Body Cavities

A

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavity,

Separated by diaphragm

80
Q

Intra-Membranous Cavities

A

Area within a double layer of tissue that surrounds certain organs,
Fist in balloon

81
Q

Pericardium/Pericardial Sac

A

Contains heart/around heart

82
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

Contains fluid between layers

83
Q

Peritoneum

A

Surrounds most abdominal organs

84
Q

Pleura

A

Surrounds lungs

85
Q

Intrapleural Space

A

Contains fluid between layers

86
Q

Visceral

A

Layer closest to organ

87
Q

Parietal

A

Outer layer

88
Q

Thoracic

A

Right and left pleural cavities,
Intrapleural spaces,
Lungs

89
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space between the lungs

90
Q

Upper Mediastinum

A

Blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus

91
Q

Lower Mediastinum

A

Pericardial Sac (contains heart)

92
Q

Abdominopelvic

A

Brim of pelvis separates abdominal and pelvic cavities

Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 1 (5 decks)

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