Lecture 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Domain Bacteria
A
- Prokaryotic (no membrane bound nucleus)
- Habitat - terrestrial and aquatic
- Reproduction - asexual (binary fission)
2
Q
Bacterial Plasma Membrane
A
- Encompasses the cytoplasm
- Main site of energy generation (via electron
transport change) - Contain sterol - like molecules
- Transport systems - bring nutrients in
- Signal Transduction Systems - sense and respond to environment.
3
Q
Review Bacteria Shapes and Aggregation !!!
A
Review Bacteria Shapes and Aggregation !!!
4
Q
Bacterial Cell Wall
A
- Rigid, lies just outside of plasma membrane
Functions - Shape
- Protection - toxic substances, osmotic lysis
- osmosis
- Bacteria often in hypotonic solutions
5
Q
Difference between Gram + and Gram -
A
Gram + Stain purple because of thick peptidoglycan layer.
Gram - Stain pink because of thin peptidoglycan layer.
6
Q
Peptidoglycan
A
- Important component of cell wall in gram + and gram - bacteria.
7
Q
Sugars of Peptidoglycan
A
N - acetylglucosamine (NAG)
N - acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
8
Q
What ate the Three parts of LPS
A
- lipid A
- Core Polysaccharide
- O side chain (O antigen)
9
Q
What is the importance of LPS
A
- Protection from host defence
- Attachment
- Stability
10
Q
Layers Outside the cell wall
A
- Capsules
- Slime layers
- S layers
11
Q
What are the functions of the layers outside the cell wall
A
- attachment
- Protection from
Chemicals
Harsh Environments (dessication)
Bacterial Viruses (bacteriophages)
Host immune response
12
Q
Carbon Storage inclusion
A
- Glycogen
- Poly-B-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) granules
13
Q
Phosphate and Sulfur Storage Inclusions
A
- Polyphosphate (metachromatic) granules
- Sulfur globules
14
Q
Carbon and Nitrogen Storage Inclusions
A
- Cyanophycin granules - chains of amino acids
15
Q
Gas vacuoles Storage Inclusions
A
- Control buoyancy
- Found in some aquatic bacteria
