Lecture 2 Flashcards
How to make comparisons and decide norms in psychology?
1-Z-score
2-Normalized score
3-percentile
What is required to develop a norm table?
1-Large representative sample
2- Separate norms for relevant sub-groups.
Validity
The extent to which the test measures what it’s supposed to measure. (interpretation)
Qualities of validity
1- Validity is viewed as a matter of degree.
2-Requires theoretical and empirical basis
3- should be clear concerning the proposed use.
Construct validity
Does the test measure the construct accurately or not?
Content validity
Whether if the items of the test related to measuring the construct?
Ex: autism has 3 different aspects that should be measured.
Face validity
Experts or test-takers subjective of the validity of the test.
-Guts of examiners
- not statistically determined
Convergent validity?
How well a test correlates with other tests that measure the same construct.
Discriminant validity
It shows that a test doesn’t strongly correlate with measures of different unrelated constructs.
Response validity
Truthfulness and consistency of respondents in a survey.
Reasons for response bias:
1-Poor face validity
2- Poor test circumstances
3-Misunderstanding and ignorance of the test
4-Performance anxiety
3 types of criterion validity?
1-Concurrent: measured at the same time
2- Predictive: latent 2 measured after latent 1
3-Postdictive: How well a test explains future outcomes. ( an aptitude test predicting job performance.)
4-Postdictive: how well a test measures past outcomes. (Survey assessing a past trauma)
Consequences of test use:
Unintentional discrimination: Policy or practice unintentionally disadvantages certain groups.
Criterion validity
How well a test predicts or correlates with a specific outcome (criterion) it’s intended to assess.
-Concurrent
-Predictive
