Lecture 2

Question 1

What are the three phases of interphase? (3•)

Answer 1

•G1
•S
•G2

Question 2

Chromatin?

Question 3

What is the role of cohesin proteins?

Question 4

What is the role of microtubules?

Question 5

What are kinetochores?

Question 6

Why do chromsomes need to become condensed during cell division?

Question 7

What does MTOC stand for?

Question 8

What are centrosomes?

Question 9

What are the three essential requirements for Mitosis to occur? (3•)

Question 10

At what phase in mitosis does spindle apparatus’s form?

Question 11

Homologous chromosomes?

Answer 11

The same shape, the same order, and the same gene, but can have different alleles.

Question 12

Heterozygous Chromosomes?

Question 13

How do bacteria divide?

Answer 13

They divide by binary fusion.

Question 14

Which stage of the animal life cycle do the first diploid cell emerge?

Answer 14

As a zygote.

Question 15

Histone Proteins?

Answer 15

They are rapped around DNA.

Question 16

Mutation

Answer 16

A change in the genetic sequence of a gene.

Question 17

Alleles

Answer 17

Different forms of a gene that resides in one side of a chromatid.

Question 18

Cell Theory (•3)

Answer 18

•All organisms are composed of cells
•All cells divide and come from other cells.
•Cells are the smallest and most fundamental unit of life.

Question 19

Angiosperms?

Answer 19

Flowering plant.

Question 20

G1 Phase?

Answer 20

The first gap: Cell Growth.

Question 21

S phase?

Answer 21

DNA synthesis: Chromosomes are copied.

Question 22

G2 Phase?

Answer 22

Second gap: Preparation for division.

Question 23

M phase? (•2)

Answer 23

Mitosis: •Nuclear division and •cell division.

Question 24

At what stage of the cell is there exactly double the weight of DNA?

Answer 24

After S phase.

Question 25

When do centrosomes replicate?

Answer 25

At the same time that DNA replicates.

Question 26

What is inside centrosomes?

Answer 26

Centrioles that are known as microtubules.

Question 27

At what stage of mitosis do chromosomes condense?

Answer 27

During prophase.

Question 28

Metaphase plate?

Answer 28

The imaginary line in the middle of the cell where the chromosomes are lined up in metaphase.

Question 29

When do spindle apparatus’ form?

Answer 29

At prophase

Question 30

Synapsis?

Answer 30

When homologous chromosomes get together during meiosis I.