Lecture 2 Flashcards
What are the three phases of interphase? (3•)
•G1
•S
•G2
Chromatin?
What is the role of cohesin proteins?
What is the role of microtubules?
What are kinetochores?
Why do chromsomes need to become condensed during cell division?
What does MTOC stand for?
What are centrosomes?
What are the three essential requirements for Mitosis to occur? (3•)
At what phase in mitosis does spindle apparatus’s form?
Homologous chromosomes?
The same shape, the same order, and the same gene, but can have different alleles.
Heterozygous Chromosomes?
How do bacteria divide?
They divide by binary fusion.
Which stage of the animal life cycle do the first diploid cell emerge?
As a zygote.
Histone Proteins?
They are rapped around DNA.
Mutation
A change in the genetic sequence of a gene.
Alleles
Different forms of a gene that resides in one side of a chromatid.
Cell Theory (•3)
•All organisms are composed of cells
•All cells divide and come from other cells.
•Cells are the smallest and most fundamental unit of life.
Angiosperms?
Flowering plant.
G1 Phase?
The first gap: Cell Growth.
S phase?
DNA synthesis: Chromosomes are copied.
G2 Phase?
Second gap: Preparation for division.
M phase? (•2)
Mitosis: •Nuclear division and •cell division.
At what stage of the cell is there exactly double the weight of DNA?
After S phase.
When do centrosomes replicate?
At the same time that DNA replicates.
What is inside centrosomes?
Centrioles that are known as microtubules.
At what stage of mitosis do chromosomes condense?
During prophase.
Metaphase plate?
The imaginary line in the middle of the cell where the chromosomes are lined up in metaphase.
When do spindle apparatus’ form?
At prophase
Synapsis?
When homologous chromosomes get together during meiosis I.
