5 Flashcards
Genetic Drift?
Any change in allele frequencies due to sampling (random picking).
What does genetic drift cause?
•Changes in allele frequencies.
•Lead to ther fixation of loss of alleles.
Genetic drift is stronger in?
Small populations.
Does genetic drift occur in all populations?
Yes
What does a mean if an allele is fixed?
That means its the only allele and the other allele became extinct.
Founder effect?
When one group of organisms finds a new territory and brings their allele frequency to that territory.
Bottleneck effect?
When a few individuals survive through a reduction in population size and the surviving individuals spread their new allele frequencies.
How do mutations affect allele frequencies?
•loss of alleles
•When the gene is deleted or an un functional protein.
•creating of new alleles.
Most new alleles are created by?
Mutations.
The initial frequency of a new mutation is?
1/2N
Gene flow?
When an immigrant introduces a new allele to a population.
Non random mating?
Individuals that live in a particular area that does not randomly mate.
Assumptions of the HW P? (5•)
•no selection on the gene
•Infinite population size
-No genetic Drift
-No random changes in allele frequency due to sampling.
•No gene flow
-No alleles in or out of the population
•No mutation
-No new alleles
•Random mating
HW equation?
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
If population is in HW equilibrium, then?
Expected freq of genotypes is not significantly different from the observed frequencies. Therefore, the population is not undergoing evolution.
