Lecture 19

Question 1

Time-related deterioration of the physiological functions necessary for survival and fertility.

Answer 1

Aging

Question 2

According to the WHO, old age is around ____

Answer 2

65 years old

Question 3

According to gerontologists, old age starts at ____

Answer 3

50 years old

Question 4

What is required to biological age?

Answer 4

Blood and DNA analysis

Question 5

What are the test used to compliment biological age by validating that a person can function at the indicated age?

Answer 5

Functional age

Question 6

What is a great indicator to predict some conditions that arise with aging?

Answer 6

Walking speed

Question 7

When do we start to question the health in terms of walking speed?

Answer 7

Less than 0.8m/s

Question 8

Factors that affect quality of life and aging (6)

Answer 8

Mobility
Friends and relationships
Overall health
Symptoms
Everyday tasks
Anxiety and stress

Question 9

Impact on health and social services budget - aging

Answer 9

Older adults = 45% of the budget
CA COUTE CHER A LA SOCIÉTÉ LES VIEUX

Question 10

Aging-related syndrome of physiological decline, characterized by marked vulnerability to adverse health outcomes

Answer 10

Frailty

Question 11

The more you have decreased functional abilities, the ____ a minor illness will affect you

Answer 11

the more
become dependent

Question 12

How do we measure frailty?

Answer 12

Physical
Questionnaires
Scans
Performance

Question 13

Easy questions to use for 5 criteria for frailty:

Answer 13

• Unintentional weight loss in the past year
• Slow walking speed
• Low stamina
• Weakness/tiredness
• Reduced PA

+ are they eating well?

Question 14

Why do female have more loss in bone density with aging?

Answer 14

Hormonal changes - start decreasing by age 35

Question 15

How much %/year do you loose in muscle strength starting from 40 years old vs after 65 years old?

Answer 15

0.8%/year starting from 40
1.5%/year after 65

Question 16

What 3 things are stimulating the pituitary gland (GH)?

Answer 16

Stress
Exercise
Sleep

Question 17

What happens to GH secretion in older adults?

Answer 17

Decrease AMPLITUDE
Decrease frequency (lesser extent than A)

Question 18

What happens to IGF-1 with aging?

Answer 18

Decrease in secretion

Question 19

Logiciel to assess walking cadence, length and speed

Answer 19

Gaitrite

Question 20

What happens to gait with aging?

Answer 20

Decrease in walking speed

Question 21

Step length differences between old and young individual

Answer 21

Old: shorter steps/twice as much steps

Question 22

Gait speed - 0.6m/s

Answer 22

Rely on members who live with them for ADLs

Question 23

Gait speed - 0.4m/s

Answer 23

Spend most of their time at home

Question 24

Gait speed - 0.15m/s

Answer 24

Found in nursing homes with intensive care

Question 25

Muscle mass is very important especially in the lower limbs for what

Answer 25

Maintaining a regular walking cycle

Question 26

Obesity leads to ___ gait speed

Answer 26

LOWER

Question 27

Physical limitations of obesity in gait (4)

Answer 27

Difficulty flexing and extending the lower limb
Gait cycle imbalance
More effort for the same distance
Higher stress on joints

Question 28

Impact of neurodegenerative diseases (parkinson, alzheimer, etc.) on walking speed and fall

Answer 28

Decrease walking speed
Increase risk of falls

Question 29

Walking speed evaluation tools (3)

Answer 29

Stopwatch
Space
Measuring tape

Question 30

Gait tests that you can use (4)

Answer 30

4m walking test
6 minute walk
Time up and go
Double task test

Question 31

Impact of going to space for astronauts

Answer 31

Will not bring their muscle mass back to their normal post-flight