Lecture 19 Flashcards
Local guild
group of species that share a common resource and occur in the same community
Community
“a group of interacting species that occur together in the same place and time”
Ecotone
“transition area between two biological communities”
(often intermixed)
What stage of succession are r-selected species associated with?
early successional stages
- quickly colonize and exploit disturbed habitats
What stage of succession are K-selected species associated with?
later successional stages
- outcompete other species and dominate stable environments
Characteristics of pioneer species
- high dispersal rates
- short lifespan
-lots of offspring - rapid growth
- tolerant of harsh conditions and poor soil
- not good competitors
Characteristics of intermediate species
intermediate traits
Characteristics of climax species
- slow growth
- good competitors
- long lifespan
- low dispersal rates
- not as many offspring
- not tolerance of harsh conditions
Primary succession
“when communities develop in habitats that are initially devoid of plants and organic soil”
Secondary succession
“when communities develop in habitats that have been disturbed and include no plants but still contain organic soil”
Disturbance
“any event or process that disrupts the normal structure or function of an ecosystem”
Examples of natural disturbances
wildfires, storms, floods, volcanic eruptions, droughts, and disease outbreaks
Examples of anthropogenic disturbances
deforestation, urbanization, agriculture, mining, pollution, overfishing, hunting and introduction of invasive species
Mechanisms of succession (3)
1) Facilitation
2) Inhibition
3) Tolerance
Priority effect
“the arrival of one species at site affects the subsequent colonization of other species”
