Lecture 18-19: Feeding Swine Flashcards
how much is the swine feeding program typically cost?
feed cost 50-75%
GOAL for feeding program
supply nutrients needed at the right time in the life stage at a feasible cost
life cycle of swine nutrition (feeding program)
- breeding
- farrowing
- nursery
- growing out
gestation feeding affects
- sow condition at farrowing
- feed intake during lactation
- piglet birth weight
- cost of feeding the breeding herd
- well-being of the sow
lactation feeding affects
- sow condition at weaning
- litter weaning weights
- cost of feeding the breeding herd
- well-being of the sow
nursery feeding affects
- nursery performance
- grow-out performance
- carcass composition
- piglet health and viability
grow-out feeding affects
- grow-out performance
- carcass composition
- pork quality
- replacement gilt performance
extra fine grinding
- faster rate of passage
- increased ulcers (RISKED)
- wind loss, bridgingg
fine grinding
- improves ingredient mixing
- improves utilization
suggestions for grinding swine feed
young pigs - fine ground
grower-finisher pigs - medium ground
breeding herd- course medium ground
strategy for feeding boars
- boar reaching 180 - 200 lbs; reduce energy level
increase fiber content - non-breeding mature boar
reduce to maintenance ration
strategy for feeding sows
gestation- moderate
lactation- heavy
weaning to breeding- heavy
flushing
- increase energy intake10-14 days before breeding
- reduce 4 - 6lbs immediately after breeding
advantages:
- more eggs ovulated
- improved health
- more certain conception
gestation- restrict energy intake
- high chance of embryonic survival
- farrowing difficulties may be reduced
- fewer pigs may be crushed by sows
- feed costs may be reduced
- less weight loss during lactation
- limited feeding may increase the sow’s productive life
methods for feeding a breeding herd
- restrict daily feed intake
- self-feed low energy ration*
- interval feeding
- silage
- pasture
methods of limiting feeds to sows
- hand feeding
- self-feed
feeding gestation sows
- 4-5lb of corn/soybean meal
- overfeeding = reduce lactation
- underfeeding = impairs reproductive performance
feeding lactating sows
- small amount of feed on day of farrowing
- day 1-2: limit feed modestly
- day 3+: always keep fresh feed in front of the sow
nursing sows can be susceptible to _______. how can it be treated?
constipation
treatment:
- fiber (alfalfa, soybean hulls, wheat midds)
- chemical laxatives (salts)
feeding nursery pigs
- diet must be nutrient dense (HIGH levels: AA, energy, vitamins, minerals)
FEED INTAKE RELATIVELY LOW - match diet to the composition of digestible capabilities
- use highly digestible and multiple-ingredients
- transitioned diets
maximizing feed intake in weaned pigs
- Newly weaned pigs are in the energy-dependent phase of growth
- proper feeding adjustment
- ingredients to enhance diet palatability
feeding growing-finishing pigs. what are the issues?
- carcass quality issues
- maximizing feed intake
- maximizing growth rate to maximize barn throughout
- variation in weights and marketing ages
approaches to feed growout pigs
- select the number of diets for the feeding program
split the sex or no
wean-to-finish or feeder-to-finish - define feed budget, given the # of diets to be included
- for each diet
select nutrient compositions
maximizing feed intake
- Barn temp control
- feeder adjustment
- adequate supply of water/ feeder access
- avoid over-crowding pigs
- manage health
- manage diet quality and feed budgets
