Lecture 11-12: high energy feed stuffs

Question 1

energy feeds has…

Answer 1

• carbonaceous concentrates
• high energy (TDN & NE), low fiber
• low protein
• low in Ca
  low in vitamin D & A

Question 2

know the basic structure of grain image

Answer 2

know the basic structure of grain image

Question 3

what part of the grain has high source in fiber?

Answer 3

the hull

Question 4

corn (maize)

Answer 4

advantages:
Most common source of energy
Very high energy (80% TDN) & low in CF
Various forms fed

limitations:
Low in CP (8-9%)
Fair in P & low in Ca
Competition among food, fuel, and feed
low in: Vit. D, riboflavin, lysine

Question 5

High lysine corn

Answer 5

Advantages:
Reduce amount of protein supplement
May reduce feed cost

Limitations:
Matures slower
Ear rot (potential)
Marketing value
Conductive kernel value

Question 6

Wheat
highest starch content

Answer 6

Advantages:
Comparable to corn energy
Higher in CP > corn (12-14%)

Limitations:
Good feed but pack in stomach
Too expensive

Question 8

sorghum

Answer 8

advantages:
Higher but more variable in CP than corn
▪ Good TDN (75-78%)
▪ Quite drought resistant

limitations:
high fiber content in diet
Must be processed for maximum
digestibility
low in Ca & fair in P

Question 8

barley

Answer 8

Advantages:
Protein & amino acids are higher than corn (11-12%)

Limitations:
Lower in energy than corn (70-75% TDN)
High fiber diet = limited amount of monogastric diets

Question 8

oats

Answer 8

Advantages:
Higher in CP than corn (12%)
Palatable

Limitations:
Low in energy (65-70% TDN)
Not good for young animals
High in fiber (11%)

Question 8

molasses

Answer 8

Advantages
▪ Readily available source of energy
(55-75% TDN)
▪ Highly palatable
▪ By-product commonly fed in liquid
form

Limitations
▪ Must be limited in ration due to its
laxative effect & to avoid
stickiness

Question 8

bakery products

Answer 8

➢ Advantages
▪ Similar to corn in nutrients but
higher in fat (12-16%), and may
be high in salt
▪ Inexpensive & locally available

➢ Limitations
▪ Limit to no more than 20%
because of high fat & salt
content
▪ Nutrient composition may vary

Question 8

triticale

Answer 8

➢ Hybrid cereal grain
TRITIcum x seCALE
wheat rye
➢ Avg. 15 to 17 % CP
➢ Test wt. - 45 to 50 lb/bu
➢ Problems:
▪ Ergot
▪ Palatability
▪ Yield
▪ Lodging

Question 8

animal fat (tallow)

Answer 8

➢ Advantages
▪ Very high in energy
▪ Used to increase energy value,
palatability & aid in pelleting
(lubricant & binder)
▪ Decreases dustiness and
improves texture

➢ Limitations
▪ Must be limited to 5-10% of diet
▪ Usually treated - antioxidant
prevents rancidity

Question 9

dry corn milling

Answer 9

• hominy feed
• corn germ meal
• corn bran

Question 10

wet corn milling

Answer 10

• corn gluten meal
• corn gluten feed