Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Food and Nutrition 1030 > Lecture 16 - Life Cycle Nutrition > Flashcards

Lecture 16 - Life Cycle Nutrition Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Gourmet Food flashcards
1
Q

Is it true that baby takes everything from mom during pregnancy?

A

No, first mom gets nutrients then placenta then baby.

-Baby only takes up Fe towards the end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should you do to prepare for pregnancy?

A
  • Achieve and maintain healthy body weight
  • physically active
  • Blanaced diet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In which trimester are abortions common?

A

T1 and T2 because mom might not even know she is pregnant at this time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are critical periods?

A

Times of intense development and rapid cell division that only happen at certain times

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is there folate supplementation in food?

A

Because at this time women don’t really know if they are pregnant so in order to project them just in case

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the critical period for neural tube development?

A

17-30 days of gestation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens when moms have periods of undernutrition?

A

Periods of undernutrition during key or regular parts of development could result in the underdevelopment of an organ which may lead to chronic disease for the baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most reliable measure of infant health?

A

Birthweight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Does weigh prior to conception affect baby?

A

yes can influence fetal growth

  • undeerweight: increase preterm birth and infant death
  • Overweight: medical complications and risk for infant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens if mom ingests a lot of glucose?

A

Glucose is transferred to the baby and then it can have a higher chance of developing diabetes at a younger age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much weight gain is recommended?

A

Based on prepregnancy BMI
Normal weight- 25-35lbs
Underweight- 28-40lbs
Overweight- 15-25lbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When are you not supposed to gain weight?

A

First trimester, but nutrient needs are very high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How many extra cals/day are women supposed to consumed based on their trimester?

A

1-0kcals
2-340kcals
3-450kclas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many carbs are you supposed to intake?

A

135g/day

-want baby to grow on glucose and not ketone bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the protein requirement?

A

+25g/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the fat requirement ?

A

no set limit but essential fatty acids are required DHA & EPA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is morning sickness caused by and when does it happen??

A

Usually all day for 20 weeks, and caused by hormonal changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What side effects of pregnancy occur due to baby crowding organs?

A
  • Constipation and haemorrhoids
  • Heartburn
  • Food cravings
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is Pica?

A

When you eat non food items, usually hormone related and associated with iron deficiency anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What contributes to hale of children deaths world wide?

A

Malnutition coupled with LBW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How might Malnutrition impact fertility?

A

Reduce production of viable sperm

Amenorrheea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How might malnutrition impact early stages of pregnancy?

A

affects healthy placenta development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How might malnutrition impact fetal development?

A
  • fetal growth retardation
  • congenital malformations
  • spontaneous abortions and stillbirth
  • Preterm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is gestational diabetes?

A

Develops in second half and leads to complications during labour and high infant birthweight
-can result in birth defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the problem with having a baby when you are an adolescent?

A

Young moms are not fully developed and produce a lot of stress on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the problem with having a baby when you are older?

A

Complications often reflect a chronic condition

Risk to fetus

27
Q

What heavy metals are especially bad for pregnancy?

A

Lead and Mercury

28
Q

What bacterial illness are pregnant women most susceptible too?

A

20x more likely to get Listeria, found in soft cheese, unpasteurized products and frozen food.
-because of increased stress and reduced immune system they are more susceptible and risk to baby is serious

29
Q

Why is caffeine bad for pregnancy?

A
  • Crosses placenta
  • Baby has limits to how much it can metabolize
  • limit of 300mg/day ~2 cups
30
Q

Why is alcohol bad for pregnancy?

A

Intoxication diffuses right into the embryo and effects cell development and can also cross the placenta
-irreversible effects

31
Q

What other toxic substances can cross to the baby?

A

Smoking and tobacco: restricts blood supply and O2

Cannabis: lower birthweight, longer term developmental effects

32
Q

When should you return to your pre baby weight?

A

Within the year of having a baby

-shouldnt put a lot of emphasis on the 1st couple weeks

33
Q

Does everyone return to their probably weight?

A

No, with every abby you retain extra kgs

34
Q

Can you lose weight if you breast feed?

A

No, doesn’t automatically mean weightloss

35
Q

Does milk quality change?

A

No, you are pulling from moms nutrient stores which is the only time the baby is like leaching off of you

36
Q

What is the difference between lactation and breastfeeding?

A

Lactation: an automatic physiological process and releases hormones

Breastfeeding: A learned behaviour from both mom and baby

37
Q

What excretes milk?

A

Mammary glands

-hormones promote the growth and branching of the duct system and development of milk producing cells

38
Q

How are hormones released during breastfeeding?

A

Demand for milk

39
Q

What does breastfeeding release?

A

Oxytocin: ejection of milk (let down reflex)

40
Q

How many moms stop breastfeeding within half a year?

A

1/2 of moms

41
Q

How much energy does it take to produce 750ml of milk?

A

+500kcals

  • 1st 6 months +330kcal from food and rest from fat
  • 2nd 6 months +400kclas
42
Q

How much protein and fat should mom get after baby?

A

About the same as prebaby

43
Q

What is mom requirement for carbs and fibre after baby?

A

Intake should increase from pregnancy amount

44
Q

What do nutritional inadequacies do to milk?

A

Affect the quantity of milk, not quality because that never changes

45
Q

Can cannabis, caffiene and smoking transfer into breastmilk?

A

Yes they all can

-willl have stronger effect on the baby cause organs are not fully developed to handle these things yet

46
Q

What does first years growth reflect?

A

Growth directly reflects nutrient intake

47
Q

what is used for growth assessment?

A

Hight and weight and compared to a standard growth curve

48
Q

At 5 months what should the weight be?

A

Doubled

49
Q

At one year what should the weight be?

A

Triples by 1 year

50
Q

what is the energy requirement for an infant?

A

2x that of an adult

-100kcal/kg

51
Q

What is the breakdown of breastmilk?

A

~50% Fat
~44% Carb
~6% Protein

52
Q

Why is breastmilk mostly fat?

A

A lot more energy in fat than carbs, and to reduce stress on their kidneys because they are not fully developed

53
Q

When are allergenic foods introduced to baby?

A

anywhere between 4-11months

54
Q

What is in breastmilk that is not in formula?

A
  • Immunological protection
  • Colostrum
  • Bifidus: Healthy bacteria
  • Lactoferrin: helps absorb Fe
  • Lactadherin: virus protection
55
Q

What is colostrum?

A

Yellow serum is the first milk a baby gets filled with antibodies and immune factors

56
Q

When is it appropriate to introduce cows milk?

A

Around 9 months because cows milk has a lot of protein in it which puts stress on kidneys

57
Q

What is a food allergy?

A

Stimulates and immunological response and involves antibodies
-may or may not have symptoms

58
Q

What are the most common allergenic foods?

A 
Peanuts
Tree Nuts
Milk
Eggs
Wheat
Soybeans
Fish and Shelfish
-can grow out of allergen but peanut usually persist for 4 years
59
Q

What is a food intolerance?

A

No antibodies involved, no immune response, probably stomach ache, nausea, hives

60
Q

Why is self feeding a good thing?

A

Helps stimulate the mouth so its safer and protects against chocking and more likely to speak sooner

61
Q

When you are nutrient deficient what can you child show signs of?

A

Attention and behaviour problems

62
Q

What does colour dye do to kids?

A

May further effect kids who are already prone to hypreactivity

63
Q

What is a balanced school day?

A

When there are 2 lunch periods

64
Q

During adolescence which nutrients are very important and for which sex?

A

Females need way more iron

-menstruation losses

Food and Nutrition 1030 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions