Lecture 15 - Smoking

Question 1

Why do people smoke?

Answer 1

Predisposing factors
-low socio-economic status
-mental illness
-ethnicity
Reasons
-addiction, reward, availability, marketing, peer pressure, weight control

Question 2

The 3 parts of smoking addiction

Answer 2

• nicotine (addictive substance - get withdrawal symptoms from this)
• habit (smoking is reinforced by associated routines, times and activites)
• emotions (trigger smoking, used for comfort when anxious)

Question 3

E cigarettes

Answer 3

• less toxic than cigarettes
• can get some with nicotine in them
• an effective smoking cessation tool, more evidence needed
• WHO - recommends that smokers try quite smokign first usign approved treatments
• this is not approved

Question 4

Effective approaches for substance abuse

Answer 4

• non-judgemental
• understand reasons for substance use (what are good and bad things) , ask how they feel about their smoking
• understand addiction
• assess patietns substance use
• know support services
• persever
• care
• routine screening
• find a hook - good reason for them to stop e.g family, heatlh, finaces

Question 5

ABCS

Answer 5

ask  (document everyones smoking status) 
breif advice (about stopping) 
cessation support (encourgae everyone this)

-need to make sure you ask in a non-judgemental way and not let your biases in the way

Question 6

What is the defintiion for substance abuse

Answer 6

Periodically or chronically intoxicated,
 Shows a compulsion to take the preferred substance(s),
 Has great difficulty in voluntarily ceasing or modifying substance use,
 Exhibits determination to obtain psychoactive substances by almost any means, and
 Tolerance is prominent and a withdrawal syndrome frequently occurs when substance use is interrupted.”

Question 7

What is the limit for safe drinking for men and women

Answer 7

21 standards a week men - no more than 6 on one occasion

14 standards a week women - no more than 4 on one ocasion