Lecture 15 Clinical Micro

Question 1

monoclonal Abs come from what type of cells?

Answer 1

hybridomas

Question 2

what can you do with fluorescent Abs

Answer 2

microscopy

flow cytometry

Question 3

Ab titers

Answer 3

series of dilutions looking for agglutination reaction

can be diluted more = more Abs in blood (sick)

Question 4

immunofluorescence

Answer 4

fluorescent dyes are added to Ab molecules without altering their ability to bind Ag

used in direct or indirect

Question 5

Direct fluorescence

Answer 5

Abs are fluorescent and they bind to Ag

Question 6

indirect

Answer 6

Abs against Ag and 2ndary Ab that binds to FC region (sandwiching)

(unlike Ags that always bind to variable region)

Question 7

plasmid fingerprinting

Answer 7

use RE to digest plasmids

get characteristic banding pattern that allows you to tell difference in strains

Question 8

agglutination v. hemagglutination

Answer 8

hemagglutination is RBCs, used for viruses

Question 9

direct agglutination

Answer 9

use Abs to agglutinate whole cells that serve as Ag

Question 10

indirect agglutination

Answer 10

small Ag

link it up with something you can see

can be reversed to use Ab to detect Ag

Question 11

direct ELISA v. Indirect ELISA

Answer 11

direct: fishing for Ag
indirect: fishing for Ab in serum

Question 12

Als of precipitation

Answer 12

soluble

use Ab to look for zone of equivalence

Question 13

zone of equivalence

Answer 13

optimal Ab/Ag ratio

results in lattice formation and then observe the band

Question 14

what type of test allows you to look at cytopathic effects?

i.e. toxin on culture cells then add serum and look for presence or absence of cytotoxic effects (if Abs are there no effects)

Answer 14

neutralization test

Question 15

FACS

Answer 15

flouresncens activated cell sorters

count cells that are fluorescent using Abs