Lecture 14 Respiratory System

Question 1

Answer 1

Mucosa.
Submucosa
Support
Adventitia

Question 2

What tissues has all these layers

Answer 2

Trachea/Bronchi

Question 3

What tissues have all these layers

Answer 3

Bronchioles

Question 4

Answer 4

Alveoi

Question 5

What is this

Answer 5

Esophagus
Trachealis Muscle
Trachea

Question 6

trachea features

Answer 6

Largest diameter part of conducting portion C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings provide support
Cartilage ends are bridged by smooth muscle (trachealis)
Trachealis relaxes during swallowing, contracts during coughing to narrow lumen

Question 7

What is this

Answer 7

Trachea can tell with teh most layers, adventitia not showen.
Two soruces of mucus in thachea… Respirtory Epithulum and Seromucosus glans.

Question 8

What are these

Answer 8

1. Goblet Cell
2. Ciliated Columar Cells
3. Basal Cell

Question 9

What are k cells

Answer 9

Small granule cell/Kulchitsky cell (“K-cell”) – secretes serotonin, endocrine cells: part of the diffuse neuroendocrine system (DNES)

Question 10

Chronic presence of toxins from smoking or air pollution can cause cilia to become immobilized and unable to clear mucous, this can lead to BLANKS epithelium changes from pseudostratified columnar to stratified squamous. Can produce precancerous cell dysplasia.

Answer 10

squamous metaplasia

Question 11

Answer 11

Serous mucosa Glands

Question 12

Answer 12

Duct(Top)
Seromucosa gland(Bottom)

Question 13

What does the reachea divide into…2 priiary bronchi

Answer 13

Extrapulmonary and intrapulmonary

Question 14

What type of primary bronchi is this?

Answer 14

Intrapulmonary
Cartilage broken up to plates gives a folded apperance.
Smooth Muscle(botton)
Seramucous Gland(top left)

Question 15

What is this

Answer 15

Bronchioles
No cartilage and is used for smooth muscle constriction… bronchospasms

Question 16

Bronchioles have ____ to secerete _____

Answer 16

Club cells to secrete surfactant..

Question 17

What helps to identify bronchioles

Answer 17

NO Cartilage and no seromucuos glands

Question 18

Answer 18

Similar to bronchioles, but fewer ciliated cells, many club cells End of conducting portion
Lead to respiratory bronchioles

BRONCHIOLES

Question 19

Answer 19

Alveoli

Question 20

What are AD vs AS

Answer 20

Aveolar ducts vs Sacs

Question 21

Alveolar Macrophages

Answer 21

(Dust cells)

Question 22

What Tyle of alevoli is this

Answer 22

Type 1.

Very thin squamous epithelial cells
Cover ~95% of alveolar surface
Tight junctions prevent fluid from entering air space
Amitotic

Question 23

What type of Alveoli is this

Answer 23

Type 2

More cuboidal-shaped epithelial cells Located at septal junctions
Secrete surfactant
Stem cells: Regenerate type I & II cells after injury

Question 24

Answer 24

Lamellar bodies
secretory vesicles that store surfactant
Surfactant keeps alveolus from collapsing during expiration