Lecture 14: Introduction to Evolution Flashcards
Individuals have their own genes, and a population has a _____.
Gene pool
Individuals can be born, live their life, and die. However, populations can be _____ through time.
Immortal
A change in the gene pool of a population through time is called _____.
Evolution
Small scale genetic change of a population is called ____evolution.
Micro
Large scale phenotypic change of a population is called ____evolution.
Macro
Has species diversity increased or decreased through time?
Increased
Can evolution happen quickly, slowly and gradually, or both?
Both
Who eveloped “biogeography;” Independently came up with natural selection.
Alfred Russel Wallace
Who described fossils; first to hypothesis that closely related creatures share common ancestry; thought that species could change when they go to a new area.
Gorges-Louis Buffon
Who argued that species could “acquire” characteristics over their lifetime, and pass these to their offspring.
Jean Baptiste de Lamark
Who was the first to describe “uniformitarianism” and argued that tremendous change could occur over vast amounts of time.
James Hutton
Who wrote the first textbook on geology; renewed the argument of “uniformitarianism” and argued that organisms added to fossil depositions.
Charles Lyell
Who was an expert on animal anatomy; argued that fossils were extinct creatures; introduced the idea that “catastrophes” would lead to species change; introduced the “law of superimposition.”
Georges Cuvier
Who traveled on the Beagle; authored the theory of natural selection.
Charles Darwin
Who was an economist who authored “An Essay on Populations.”
Robert Malthus
