Lecture 12: Biotechnology and Society Flashcards
1
Q
How do we use restriction enzymes in biotechnology?
A
Restriction enzymes identify particular sections of DNA, then they slice it open and insert new segments of DNA . More than 400 have been discovered.
2
Q
What system do we use to complete genetic editing?
A
CRISPR
3
Q
What does PCR stand for and what does it do?
A
Polymerase chain reaction; amplifies DNA, or makes copies of a specific DNA segment
4
Q
What are the 3 steps of PCR?
A
- Denaturation: DNA heated to separate complementary strands
- Annealing: temperature is cooled to allow RNA primers to form hydrogen bonds to the ends of the target sequence
- Extension: Taq polymerase carries out the polymerization of new DNA strands
5
Q
What is gel electrophoresis?
A
Specific DNA is obtained and amplified with electricity diffusing DNA
6
Q
What is the Human Genome Project?
A
Project that has mapped 99% of the human genome
7
Q
Where can biotechnology be applied?
A
Cancer treatment, organ replacement, targeted disease treatment, environment, or agriculture
