lecture 13: the vert and ribs, paravertebral muscles Flashcards
what is the main function of the intervertrebral disks
shock absorptionn
what extends from the base of the skull to the pelvis
the vertebral colium
the verebtal columbs supports…
trunk and weight of the body
what are vertebra held in place by `
1) intervertbral disks
2) intervertebral ligaments
3) deep muscles of the back
how nany vertbera are there
33
what are the 5 regions of the vert. column and the numbers
cervical (7) thoracic (12) lumbar (5) sacrium *5 fused cocgym (4 fused sometimes 3-5)
what are the 3 fucntions of the vertebral columb
enclose/protect spinal cord
support head
attachment for ribs, pelvis muscles of the back
what are some examples of muscles that attach to thevertebra
psoas, rhomboids, levator scap
what are the features of a typical vertebrae
body vertebral arch (pedicles and lamina) spinous process tranverse process articulating process and facets (unite verbta below and above by zygapospheal joints)
what is the most anterior portion of the vertebtral
nbody
what is the weight nbearing portion of the verteba
body
what is the most posterior aspect of vertable s
spinous
what do the pedicles link
body to tranvers
what to the lamina link
link the tranverse to spinous
what joints link verbeas
zygapophyseal (DSA) joints
what are the 3 general features of verebtal
vertebral foramen/canal
interbertbeal foramen
intervertbral disks
cervical vertebra provide support for the.././
head
which is the smallest and lightest vereba
cervical
true ro false: cervical are the only vert with transverse formaen and why
true because it holds the vertbreal artery
which cervical are the most mobile of the C spine
c4-c5 and c5-c6
which is the most prominent spinous process
c7
which vertebral are usually bifid
c2 to c6
what is another name for c1
atlas
where does atlas articualte
with the occpital condules
which vertebral does not have a body
atlas
true or flase: c1 has a very small superior articulating process with smooth carticlarge covered sufaces
false very large
what movement does c1 allow
flexion and exteion (yes)
true or false: the c1 does not have a spinous process but rather a psoterior tubercle
true
wht is the indentyfinh feature of the c2
dens
odontoid
what is another name for c2
axis
what motion does c2 allows
rotating sie to side (no )
atlas pivots around blank
around odontoid process
what is the issue with a whiplash injury
if tranverse lig is injury, dens can proteude psoterior and injury spinal cord
what is the main function of throacic vert
allow for rotation
are cervical or thoracic larger
thoracic
which vertberea has a long pointed spinous process projecting down
thoracic
what limits motion in thoracic
long spinous process pointed fown
what is the only vertebra that articulars with the ribs
thoracic
what are the joints that connect ribs and throcaic
costtovertebrak
what makes the thoracic vertbrea unique
they have smoothe facets on their bodies and t process to artcicualte with ribs
which thoracic dont have facets on t process
t11-t12
true or false : the superior and inferior articualr facetts are mostly in what place im thoracoc
frontalal (coronal)
what are the ribs that only articular with 1 vertbram
rib 1, rib 10,11,12
name the facets of t1
superior facet
inferior demi facet
name the facets of t2-t8
super/inf demi facets
name the facets of t9
superior demi facet
name the facets of t10-t12
superior facett
why are there no transverse facets on t11 and t12
because of the floating ribs
true or false: lumbar is larger and thicker than just cervical
false also thracic
which lumbar allow for significant flexion anf extension
l4-l5 and l5-s1
what is the main movement of lumbar vertbra
flexion and extension of spine
where is disc /facet degendation common in lumbar and why
in l4-l5 and l5-s1 because they allow for significant flexion and extension movemens
which bone is large and triangular
sacrum
what forms the psoterior part of the pelvis
sacrum
when are the 5 sacrum bones completely fused
byage 30
the spinous processes of the sacrum are still present and called what
median sacral crest
true or false: the disks are largery replaced by bone in the sacrum
true
tthe superior articualted processes of the sarcum artticulate with wahat
L5th verebttra
true or false: S1 is never free
false rarrly is ti
is it ever possible for l5 to be compoelte fused ot sacrum
yes
what is the sacral canal
continuation of the vertebral canal