Lecture 13 Protists Flashcards
Exam
Domain Eukarya
Have nucleus, organelles, unicellular or multicellular
Domain Archea
Unicellular (all)
Extremophiles
Domain Bacteria
all unicellular
includes pathogens
ancestors to mitochondria + chloroplasts
Endosymbiosis
ancestral archean + Aerobic bacterium
heterotrophic bacterium + photosynthetic
Photosynthetic eukaryotes
Protist Diversity: cells and nutrient
Mostly unicellular- Some colonial and multicellular
nutrition: photoautotrophs
heterotrphs
mixotrophs
Nutrition
Photoautotrophs: sunlight to make sugars
Heterotrophs: absorb/ingest food
MIxotrophs: do both
Protist ecological diversity
Mostly aquatic can be terrestrial (damp soil)
Win-win symbiotic Relationship
mutually beneficial
photosynthetic protist + coral
termites + heterotrophic protist
Win- loose symbiotic relationships
that causes malane
Decomposers
Orgs that eat dead organic matter
nutrient recyclers
Producers
organisms that does photosynthesis
-form base of food webs, eaten by consumers
PSN %
30% of al PSN = protists
20% of all PSN = bacteria
50 % of all PSN = plants
Primary Endosymbiosis
Prokaryote + Prok= euk
1) early heterotrophic eukaryote engulfed a photosynthetic bacterium
2) early PSN eukaryote
3) diverged to give red + green algae (differ in PSN pigments)
Algae
PSN protist
Secondary endosymbiosis
heterotrophic eukaryote engulfing a PSn eukaryote
euk + euk = euk
How many super groups are there in Protist
4
Protist Diversity Parameters
of cells: unicellular or multicellular
nutrition: heterotrophic, autotrophic, Mixotrophic
Motile: capable of movement (clilia, falgella , pseudopods) vs sessile
Protist Diversity
Exacavates, SAR, Archeaplastida, Unikonts
Giardia instestinalis (excavata)
Unicellular
heterotrophic
motile flagella
Ecological importance: parasites, mammal small intestine
interesting features : 2 distinct forms ( 1 active 2- dormant)
Euglena (excavata )
of cells: unicellular
mixotrophic, pigement= chlorophyll
Motile: yes, flagella
ecological importance: producers in fresh/salt water
interesting features : eye spot detects light
Diatoms (Sar)
of cells: unicellular
mode of nutrition: autotrophs, glass-like cell wall, pigments= chlorophyll
Motile: yes, “glide” don’t swim
Ecological importance: most abundant PSN orgs in oceans and lakes
interesting features : store excess sugar as oil droplets
Brown Algae (SAR)
of cells: multicellular
Mode of nutrition: autotrophs, cell wall= cellulose, pigments- chlorophylls
Motile= sessile
ecological importance: thrive in cold water, create ecosystem
Dinoflagellates (SAR)
of cells: unicellular
mode of nutrition: any all, cell wall = cellulose, pigments= chlorophyll
Motile: flagella (2)
ecological importance: phytoplankton , over abundance = red algae
interesting features : some capable of bioluminescence
Red Algae (archeaplastida)
of cells: multicellular
made of nutrition: autotrophic, cell-wall=cellulose
motile: NO
Ecological importance: Baswe of food chain/web
interesting features : Japanese “nori”
Green Algae (archeaplastida)
of cells: either (uni & multi)
made of nutrition: autotrophs
Motile: generally, no but volvox =flagella
Ecological importance: base of food chain fresh or marine
interesting features: colony = 500-60,000
volvox can reporduce sexually or aesexually
Amoeba (unikonta)
of cell : unicellular
mode of nutrition: heterotrophic= parasites +predators
Motile: yes–> pseudopods
ecological importance: nutrient recycling: water /soil/ sir decomposers
interesting features: engulf prey via phagocytosis
Plasmodial slime molds ( unikonta)
of cells: unicellular with multiple nuclei
Mode of nutrition: heterotrophs
motile: pseudopods
ecological importance: soil decomposers
interesting features: intelligent , capable of solving mazes
