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PSYC 332: Introduction to Personality > Lecture 12: Is power motivation adaptive? > Flashcards

Lecture 12: Is power motivation adaptive? Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three Big Motives?

A
  • n Achievement
  • n Power
  • n Intimacy
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2
Q

What is nAch?

A

A recurrent preference for experiences of doing well and being successful

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3
Q

What is nPow?

A

A recurrent preference for experiences of having an impact on others.

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4
Q

What is nInt?

A

A recurrent preference for experiences of warm, close and communicative interactions with others.

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5
Q

What are the natural incentives of nArch, nPow and nInt?

A
  • Mastery
  • Impact
  • Connection
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6
Q

What are the occupations that someone high on nAch would like?

A
  • Small business owner
  • Salesperson
  • Researcher
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7
Q

What are the occupations that a person high on nPow would like?

A
  • Manager
  • Clergy
  • Teacher
  • Therapist
  • Journalist
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8
Q

What positive behaviours correlate with nPower?

A
  • Membership in voluntary organizations
  • Efforts to make community contributions
  • Effective leadership
  • Acquisition of prestige symbols (nice car, expensive clothes)
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9
Q

What negative behaviours correlate with nPower?

A
  • Aggression
  • Exploitative interpersonal relations
  • Profligate sexuality
  • Profligate drinking
  • Divorce
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10
Q

What variables affect the positive and negative behaviours correlating with nPow?

A
  • Gender
  • Responsibility training
  • Social class
  • Activity inhibition
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11
Q

How does gender affect the behaviours correlating with nPow?

A
  • Women tend to show less negative behaviours
  • This could be because women are trained from a young age to take more responsibilities.
  • It was noticed that men who had responsibilities from a young age, display less negative behaviours. (David Winter)
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12
Q

How does social class affect the behaviours correlating with nPow?

A
  • Lower SES men would display more negative behaviours
  • This could be due to how SES affects a person’s hormones and levels of stress.
    • FFFS constantly activated
      • The constant stress and activation of FFFS limits the brain activity for planning and self-control.
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13
Q

How does activity inhibition affect the behaviours correlating with nPow?

A
  • With the Stories task (to measure if which motivation an individual was higher on), it was noticed that there was a lot of language inhibition
    • Many participants high in nPow would use negation words
    • This reflects the tendency of the participants to inhibit their actions
    • Hypothesis:
      • Self-control
      • Mitigate how pow motivation is expressed
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14
Q

Do any of the moderators (could be more than one) relate to one (or more) of the Big 5 traits? If yes, which one(s)?

A
  • Responsibility training, social class and activity inhibition relate to conscientiousness
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15
Q

What is the Leadership Motive Profile?

A
  • Desired combination of characteristics:
    • high nPow
    • low n Aff
    • Activity inhibition
      • This allows the person to
        • check themselves
        • question themselves
        • adapt
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16
Q

Why would you like a leader to be low in nAff?

A
  • if they are high in nAff and nPow, there would be a conflicting objective of having an impact while being liked by everyone.
17
Q

The Office: Michael

Is he a good leader?

A
  • According to Kroestner:
    • high nAff
    • high nPow
    • Conclusion:
      • horrible manager
18
Q

Longitudinal Leadership profile Study

A
  • only men
  • follow for 25 years from the start of their career in
    • US navy (24 levels)
    • AT&T (20 levels)
  • Stories task results predicted where they would get
19
Q

What was David Winter’s scoring system for coding speech?

A

New scoring system that would code normal or usual speech of individuals.

20
Q

What would be the scoring definition of power imagery according to Winter’s scoring system?

A
  • Elements coded for power motivation:
    • Strong vigorous actions that have an impact on other
    • attempts to convince or persuade
    • force
    • unsolicited help
    • attempts to control and/or monitor
    • Actions that directly arouse a strong positive or negative emotional state in others
    • Concern for reputation or prestige
21
Q

Did President Obama have the motive profile to be a successful president?

A
  • According to Winter’s scoring system for coding speech
    • Obama was very high in Pow
    • Medium-high in Ach
    • Low in Aff
22
Q

True or False

The great decisions of a president correlate with power motivation.

A

True

23
Q

Both Obama and Trump are high in Power motivation. According to Kroestner, what trait would make the difference between Obama being considered a great president and not Trump?

A

Conscientiousness

  • Trump is:
    • low C
    • impulsive
    • Do whatever he is told not to do
24
Q

What is the problem with having a leader high in Power and high in Achievement?

A
  • Tend to cut corners
  • Cheat
  • Criminal behaviour
25
Q

According to Winter, do Obama’s traits support his motives?

A
  • No, he is low in Extraversion
  • The Introversion Inhibition Hypothesis
    • Obama was handicapped by his introversion and thus, couldn’t do everything he wanted/needed to do
26
Q

Do Kroestner agree with Winter’s point of view on Obama’s motivations and traits?

A

No, Kroestner thinks that Obama couldn’t be outspoken, angry because of the racism in US and the image that most of the population have of a black man:

-violent, angry

27
Q

What is McAdam’s point of view of traits versus motives?

A

“needs establish goals, traits describe the behavioural means by which goals are met.”

28
Q

What is the channelling hypothesis?

A
  • “Motives involve wishes, desires or goals”
  • “traits channel or direct the ways in which motives are expressed”
29
Q

What was Winter’s study about the interactions of power motivation and extraversion-introversion traits?

A
  • Hypothesis:
    • High pow motive should lead to socialized positive power
  • Participants:
    • Women
  • Procedure:
    • 25 years
  • Results:
    • Extraverts had careers that had a greater impact
    • Introverts, power didn’t show in their career at all
30
Q

Is Power motivation adaptive or maladaptive?

A

It can be either

31
Q

How do motives interact with traits?

A

A lack of extraversion might inhibit motivation

PSYC 332: Introduction to Personality (20 decks)

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