Lecture 12 - Bryophytes Flashcards
What is bryophytes evolutionary position between?
Green algae and vascular plants
How are bryophytes different from algae regarding antheridia and archegonia?
Bryophytes have antheridia and archegonia with a sterile jacket layer
How are bryophytes different from algae regarding zygote and embryo?
Bryophytes zygote and embryo in an archegonium
How are bryophytes different from algae regarding sporophyte?
Multicellular diploid sporophyte
Are bryophytes vascular or non vascular?
Nonvascular plants
3 plants bryophytes are comprised of
Hornworts, liverworts, mosses
bryophytes were similar to what plants in time?
Similar to first land plants
What habitats are bryophytes found in?
All terrestrial Habitats, most diversity in moist environments
How are bryophytes different from other plants regarding vascular tissue?
Bryophytes lack xylem and phloem
How are bryophytes different from other plants regarding dominant generations?
Gametophyte is larger and longer lived (dominant generation)
How are bryophytes different from other plants regarding its sporophyte?
Sporophyte isn’t free living - permanently attached to gametophyte
What characteristics do different bryophytes share regarding size?
Small, simple plants
What characteristics do different bryophytes share regarding reproductive organs?
Antheridia (male) and archegonia (female)
What characteristics do different bryophytes share regarding rhizoids?
Root-like structures that anchor the plant
A typical bryophyte life cycle begins with?
Begins with A haploid spore that germinates on moist soil
What does the germinating haploid spore grow into?
A haploid gametophyte
The haploid gametophyte is typically?
Unisexual
Male gametophytes produce?
Antheridia
Female gametophytes produce?
Archegonia
Where do sperm swim from and to?
Sperm swim from antheridium to an archegonium
The sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell to produce?
A diploid zygote
A diploid sporophyte develops within the?
Archegonium
What does the sporophyte produce?
A sporangium
What occurs within the sporangium and what does it produce?
Meiosis occurs in the sporangium, it produces haploid spores
What do hornworts not have?
No Leaves or stems
How do hornworts grow?
Grow as a flat green lobe called a thallus
Where do hornworts produce spores?
In a horn-like capsule that grows up from the lobes
What do hornworts capsule not have?
No stalk on the capsule
What are the 2 types Of liverworts?
Leafy and thallose
Describe leafy liverworts
Have “leaves” on “stems” and look like mosses
Describe thallose liverworts
Grow as flat Green lobes, some look like hornworts
What does a moss look like?
Has “leaves” on a “stem”
Mosses leaves are how many cell layers thick?
Only one cell layer thick
Where do mosses produce spores?
In capsules
Where are mosses capsules borne?
On long stalks
