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BIOL 2410 > Lecture 12 & 13: Organization of CNS > Flashcards

Lecture 12 & 13: Organization of CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Where and when does the brain develop from

A

3rd week - Hollow tube

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2
Q

When does the fore, mid, and hind brain develop

A

4th week

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3
Q

Describe the difference of Grey and white matter

A

Grey matter = Outside the brain, unmyelinated

White matter = Inside brain, myelinated

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4
Q

Why is white matter white?

A

Due to the myelin shealth

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5
Q

Describe the Early , Late and Derivatives of the forebrain

A

Cerebrum = cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, lateral and 3rd ventricle

Diencephalon = thalamus and hypothalamus

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6
Q

Describe the Early, Late and derivatives for the Midbrain

A

midbrain = midbrain then superior, inferior colliculi, substantia nigra

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7
Q

Describe the Early, Late and derivatives for the hindbrain

A

Pons/Cerebellum = Pons and cerebellum

Medulla =Medulla

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8
Q

Tracts are located in the ___ where as Nevers are located in the ___

A

CNS ; PNS

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9
Q

What is the meninges and what is included in it

A

Protecting layer of the CNS
Duro matter
Arachnoid Membrane
Pia matter

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10
Q

Define Meningitis

A

when the meninges swells and causes pressure on the brain

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11
Q

What are the three types of brain bleeding

A

1) Epidural = between Skill and dura
2) Subdural = Between dura and arachnoid
3) Subarachnoid = Between arachnoid and Pia matter

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12
Q

Where is CSF made

A

Choroid plexus

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13
Q

What are the three functions of the CSF

A

1) Solute concentration
2) Waste removal
3) Coushin for brain

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14
Q

Describe the destinations of the ascending and descending tracts

A 
Ascending = brain
Descending = motor
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15
Q

How many total spinal nerves

A

31

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16
Q

What are the four areas of the spinal chord

A

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral

(Carl Thinks Lamb Sucks)

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17
Q

Medula oblongata controls what

A

Heartbeat, blood vessels, respiration and digestion

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18
Q

Pons is a _____ station for ___ and ___

A

Relay; Cerebrum and cerebellum

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19
Q

Each half of the brain has how many lobes

A

5

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20
Q

Midbrain is the ____ relay

A

Visual and auditory info

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21
Q

Midbrain does what movement

A

eye

22
Q

Cerebellum does what

A

processes sensory information
Cognition
Stores memories

23
Q

Thalamus is the

A

main relay centre

24
Q

Hypothalamus does what

A

regulates internal environment

25
Q

What are the 4 structures within the cerebrum

A

Cortex (outer)
White matter
Basal ganglia
Limbic system

26
Q

Grey matter + white Matter =

A

cerebrum

27
Q

Occipital lobe = what sense

A

Vision

28
Q

Temporal lobe = what sense

A

hearing

29
Q

Parietal lobe = what sense

A

Sensory

30
Q

Frontal lobe = what

A

Motor

31
Q

Insular =

A

Inside sulcus

32
Q

If someone cant understand or formulate language what is probably damaged

A

Wernicke’s and Brocas area

33
Q

what does the limbic system contain

A

hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus

34
Q

Basal Ganglia is a collection of what

A

nuclei

35
Q

Basal Ganglia forms what

A

a complex circuit between the motor cortex, pre motor cortex, cerebellum

36
Q

Where does CSF escape the brain

A

Magendie (median)

Luschka (lateral)

37
Q

Where is the blood brain barrier

A

Between interstitial fluid and blood

38
Q

What are the 4 main support/protective systems for the CNS

A

1) Skull/vertebral column
2) Meninges
3) CSF and ventricles
4) Blood Brain Barrier

39
Q

What glial cells make the Blood Brain Barrier

A

Astrocytes

40
Q

Only what type of molecules can cross the BBB

A

Lipophilic

41
Q

About ____% of corticospinal tracts cross the midline

A

90%

42
Q

What is the diencephalon made up of

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

Pituitary and pineal glands

43
Q

Dorsal roots carry what

A

sensory information

44
Q

Ventral roots carry what

A

motor information to muscles

45
Q

What are the 4 important nuclei in the spinal cord

A

Visceral
Somatic sensory
Autonomic efferent
Somatic control

46
Q

What is a newly discovered function of the cerebellum

A

Cognition

47
Q

What is the most distinct part of the brain

A

Cerebrum

48
Q

The cortex has three specializations which are

A

sensory
motor
association

49
Q

Language processing, math processing occur on what side for most people

A

left

50
Q

Parkinson’s disease is due to what

A

loss of dopaminergic neurons in basal ganglia

51
Q

Huntington’s disease is due to

A

loss of cholinergic neurons in basal ganglia

52
Q

What is the primary function of the corpus callosum

A

integrate motor, sensory and cognitive performances

BIOL 2410 (11 decks)

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