Lecture 11: Transcription Flashcards
What organelles produces proteins?
ribosomes floating freely in the cytosol or attached to rough ER
What is the process of producing proteins?
translation
What do ribosomes use to produce protein?
a RNA template and amino acids
The RNA template is produced in the nucleus by which process?
transcription
Describe a key principle of molecular biology?
RNA comes from DNA and proteins come from RNA
Does DNA become RNA?
No, it is used is a template to make RNA
What are the base pairs? and what type of bonds form between them?
- A, T, C, G
- hydrogen bonds
What do the base pairs (connected by hydrogen bonds) hold together?
DNA
How many steps are involved in transcription and describe them.
- there are three steps:
- Step 1: separate two strands of DNA
- Step 2: start to produce the RNA copy
- Step 3: reattach the two DNA strands
What is the most important protein involved in transcription?
RNA Polymerase
How do you separate two strands of DNA in transcription?
with the RNA Polymerase separates small regions of DNA strands
Describe step two of transcription
RNA Polymerase moves on one strand of the DNA and brings RNA nucleotides to attach them to the template strand of DNA
Describe step three of transcription
as RNA Polymerase moves along the DNA, the growing RNA detaches, and RNA Polymerase reattaches the strands of DNA and then falls off
What are the nucleotides that the RNA Polymerase brings during transcription?
they are complimentary to the template
Translate the following template from DNA to RNA:
ACGTGGATCCT
UGCACCUAGGA
