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Head and Neck Anatomy > Lecture 11 TMJ & Muscles of Mastication > Flashcards

Lecture 11 TMJ & Muscles of Mastication Flashcards

1
Q

Name the articular surfaces of TMJ

A
  • Head of condyle on mandible
  • Mandibular or glenoid fossa on temporal bone
  • anterior articular tubercle on temporal bone
  • complete articular disc attached to joint capsule - divides joint cavity into upper and lower spaces
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2
Q

Name the stabilising structures of TMJ

A
  • joint capsule
  • post glenoid tubercle
  • stylomandibular ligament
  • sphenomandibular ligament
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3
Q

T/F - joint capsule attaches around edges of temporal articular surfaces and external acoustic meatus

A

False, it attaches to neck of condyle, not external acoustic meatus

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4
Q

T/F - joint capsule is thicker laterally forming stylomandibular ligament

A

False, it forms lateral ligament

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5
Q

T/F - post glenoid tubercle is posterior to joint in front of external acoustic meatus

A

True

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6
Q

T/F - stylomandibular ligament is derived from parotid capsule, and it goes from spine of sphenoid to lingula

A

False, goes from styloid process to angle of mandible

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7
Q

T/F - sphenomandibular ligament goes from spine of sphenoid to lingula

A

True

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8
Q

T/F - articular disc of TMJ is fibrocartilage and is thick laterally and anteriorly, thin medially and posteriorly

A

False, it is thin laterally and anteriorly, thick medially and posteriorly

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9
Q

Name of the four strata that the joint capsule is divided into

A
  • anterosuperior
  • anteroinferior
  • posteroinferior
  • posterosuperior
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10
Q

T/F - strata consists of oriented collagen except posteroinferior

A

False, it is posterosuperior which is collagen and elastin

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11
Q

T/F - both superior and inferior surface of capsule are lined with a synovial membrane

A

True

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12
Q

T/F - synovial membrane is a specialised fibrocellular covering which produces synovial fluid of precise viscosity and chemical composition.

A

True

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13
Q

T/F - synovial membranes are not phagocytic and do not remove cellular or molecular debris from the joint cavities

A

False, they are phagocytic and they do remove debris

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14
Q

T/F - all the linings of joint compartments synovial membrane, articular surfaces of the joint and the disc are fibrous

A

True, fibrous = not covered with an epithelium

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15
Q

T/F - condyle & squamous temporal bone both develop predominantly by endochondral ossification

A

False, its intramembranous ossification, which is for flat bones, expanding type. But for joint surfaces, they develop via endochondral ossification

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16
Q

T/F - the articular surfaces of TMJ are covered with articular cartilage

A

False, they are covered with fibrous tissue/fibrocartilage/cartilage

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17
Q

T/F - most of the condyle does develop from cartilage model

A

False, they don’t because there is no epiphysial plate to give growth in length of condyle.

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18
Q

T/F - growth in condyle length comes from specialised cartilage covering condyle

A

True

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19
Q

T/F - the specialised cartilage covering condyle is reduced to fibrocartilage when growth has ceased but can reactivate

A

True

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20
Q

T/F - Petrotympanic fissure is anterior to mandibular fossa

A

False, it is posterior

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21
Q

T/F - Petrotympanic fissure is just anterior to external acoustic meatus

A

True

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22
Q

T/F - chorda tympanic emerges from petrotympanic fissure’s lateral end

A

False, medial

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23
Q

TMJ is a _________ - sliding hinge joint with a number of unusual features

A

ginglymoarthrosis

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24
Q

Name the joint movements of TMJ

A 
Depression
Elevation
Protrusion
Retrusion
some lateral movement
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25
Q

Jaw opening involves _______________________________________________ of head of condyle

A

Rotation, sliding forward and a second rotation

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26
Q

T/F - Jaw opening moves the head of condyle from contact with posterior part of disc to contact with the anterior part. Closure reverses this.

A

True

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27
Q

T/F - in jaw opening, forward/down movement limited by posterior attachment of capsule to temporal bone.

A

True

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28
Q

T/F - disc helps to control this movement and limits trauma during no movement.

A

False, it limits trauma DURING movement

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29
Q

Name innervation of the TMJ

A
  • afferent innervation is via branches of V/3 - masseteric, auriculotemporal, deep temporal nerves
  • joint capsules, lateral ligament & retroarticular tissue contain a variety of mechanoreceptors, involved in proprioception - perception of mandibular position and movement
  • pain fibres
  • sensory input from oral mucosa and periodontal ligament are also involved in control of mandibular posture, especially fine control.
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30
Q

Name arterial blood supply to TMJ

A
  • superficial temporal artery (terminal branch of external carotid
  • ascending pharyngeal artery (posterior branch of external carotid)
  • deep auricular (branch of maxillary artery)
    SAD (mnemonic)
31
Q

Name venous blood supply to TMJ

A
  • superficial temporal & maxillary veins & then into retromandibular vein
32
Q

Name lymph drainage to TMJ

A
  • Small vessels to parotid & preauricular nodes, or to submandibular nodes
33
Q

Name motor nerve supply to muscles of mastication & buccinator

A

Branches of anterior division of mandibular nerve (CN5/3)

34
Q

Name arterial supply of muscles of mastication and buccinator

A

Arterial supply is usually from one of the two main branches of the external carotid - namely the superficial temporal artery &/or branches of the maxillary artery

35
Q

Name venous supply of muscles of mastication and buccinator

A

Most venous drainage is into pterygoid venous plexus

36
Q

Name lymph drainage of muscles of mastication & buccinator

A

Preauricular & parotid nodes or to upper deep cervical nodes

37
Q

Name origin of masseter

A

maxillary process of zygomer & medial side of zygomatic arch

38
Q

Name insertion of masseter

A

Most of it is into lateral side of ramus of mandible

39
Q

Name arterial supply of masseter

A

Masseteric, facial & transverse facial arteries

40
Q

T/F - temporalis muscle is fan-shaped covered in temporalis fascia.

A

True

41
Q

T/F - temporalis fascia is superficial to all of epicranial aponeurosis & orbicularis oculi, superficial temporal vessels, temporal branches of the facial nerve, auriculotemporal nerve.

A

False, it is deep to all of these structures

42
Q

Name attachments of temporalis fascia

A

Superior temporal line & zygomatic arch.

43
Q

T/F - superficial fibres of temporalis attach to fascia

A

True

44
Q

Name origin of temporalis muscle

A

Temporal fossa & temporalis fascia

45
Q

Name insertion of temporalis muscle

A

medial side of coronoid process & upper ramus

46
Q

T/F - temporalis muscle forms a thick white tendon which passes in front of zygomatic arch

A

False, passes behind zygomatic arch

47
Q

T/F - temporalis muscle is fan shaped with posterior fibres almost vertical & inferior fibres horizontal

A

False, posterior fibres almost horizontal, inferior fibres vertical

48
Q

Name arterial supply of temporalis muscle

A

Supplied by deep temporal branches of maxillary artery with contributions from superficial temporal artery.

49
Q

Name origin of smaller upper head of lateral pterygoid

A

infratemporal surface of sphenoid

50
Q

Name origin of larger lower head of lateral pterygoid

A

lateral side of lateral pterygoid plate

51
Q

Name insertion of both heads of lateral pterygoid

A

Neck of condyle of mandible & capsule of TMJ

52
Q

T/F - medial pterygoid muscle is parallel to masseter & mostly medial to lateral pterygoid

A

True

53
Q

Name origin of deep head of medial pterygoid muscle

A

Medial side of lateral pterygoid plate

54
Q

Name origin of superficial head of medial pterygoid muscle

A

Pyramidal process of palatine bone

55
Q

T/F - only deep head inserts into medial surface of ramus of mandible

A

False, both heads insert into medial surface

56
Q

T/F - inferior alveolar artery and nerve are medial to medial pterygoid muscle

A

False, they’re lateral

57
Q

T/F - tensor palati, styloglossus, stylopharyngeus are medial to medial pterygoid muscle

A

True

58
Q

T/F - maxillary artery can be superficial or deep to lower head of lateral pterygoid - variable then between two heads into pterygopalatine fossa

A

True

59
Q

T/F - buccal nerve passes between 2 heads of lateral pterygoid

A

True

60
Q

T/F - tendon temporalis is medial to lateral pterygoid muscle

A

False, it is lateral

61
Q

T/F - lateral to lateral pterygoid muscle are middle meningeal artery, sphenomandibular ligament, chorda tympani

A

False, they are medial to lateral pterygoid muscle

62
Q

T/F - Inferior alveolar nerve & artery & lingal nerve passes above lower border of lower head

A

False, it passes below the lower border

63
Q

T/F - buccinator origin to outer surfaces of posterior mandible & maxilla & pterygomandibular raphe

A

True

64
Q

T/F - posterior part of buccinator is deep/medial to lateral pterygoid,

A

False, it’s medial pterygoid

65
Q

T/F - Anterior part of buccinator curves towards to modiolus where fibres cross over & insert into orbicularis oris

A

True

66
Q

Name innervation of buccinator

A

Dual innervation:

  • buccal branch of facial nerve (motor)
  • long/sensory buccal branch of mandibular nerve
67
Q

T/F - buccal fat pad separates posterior buccinator & pterygomandibular raphe from ramus of mandible & masseter

A

True

68
Q

_____________ - can be most easily palpated from inside of mouth. Open mouth and note a vertical ridge between upper & lower 2nd/3rd molars. _____ also attached to hamulus. Superior constrictor of pharynx attaches to ________ posteriorly

A

Pterygomandibular raphe

69
Q

Name muscles depress TMJ?

A

Lateral pterygoid, supra & infrahyoid, gravity

70
Q

Name muscles that elevate TMJ

A

temporalis (vertical fibres), masseter, medial pterygoid

71
Q

Name muscles that protrude TMJ

A

lateral pterygoid mainly - holds disc forward, masseter

72
Q

Name muscles that retrude (retrusion) the TMJ

A

temporalis (horizontal fibres) & Masseter

73
Q

Name muscles that perform lateral movement of TMJ

A

Temporalis & masseter of same side, pterygoids of opposite side.

Head and Neck Anatomy (13 decks)

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