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Head and Neck Anatomy > Lecture 11 TMJ & Muscles of Mastication > Flashcards

Lecture 11 TMJ & Muscles of Mastication Flashcards

1
Q

Name the articular surfaces of TMJ

A
  • Head of condyle on mandible
  • Mandibular or glenoid fossa on temporal bone
  • anterior articular tubercle on temporal bone
  • complete articular disc attached to joint capsule - divides joint cavity into upper and lower spaces
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2
Q

Name the stabilising structures of TMJ

A
  • joint capsule
  • post glenoid tubercle
  • stylomandibular ligament
  • sphenomandibular ligament
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3
Q

T/F - joint capsule attaches around edges of temporal articular surfaces and external acoustic meatus

A

False, it attaches to neck of condyle, not external acoustic meatus

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4
Q

T/F - joint capsule is thicker laterally forming stylomandibular ligament

A

False, it forms lateral ligament

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5
Q

T/F - post glenoid tubercle is posterior to joint in front of external acoustic meatus

A

True

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6
Q

T/F - stylomandibular ligament is derived from parotid capsule, and it goes from spine of sphenoid to lingula

A

False, goes from styloid process to angle of mandible

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7
Q

T/F - sphenomandibular ligament goes from spine of sphenoid to lingula

A

True

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8
Q

T/F - articular disc of TMJ is fibrocartilage and is thick laterally and anteriorly, thin medially and posteriorly

A

False, it is thin laterally and anteriorly, thick medially and posteriorly

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9
Q

Name of the four strata that the joint capsule is divided into

A
  • anterosuperior
  • anteroinferior
  • posteroinferior
  • posterosuperior
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10
Q

T/F - strata consists of oriented collagen except posteroinferior

A

False, it is posterosuperior which is collagen and elastin

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11
Q

T/F - both superior and inferior surface of capsule are lined with a synovial membrane

A

True

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12
Q

T/F - synovial membrane is a specialised fibrocellular covering which produces synovial fluid of precise viscosity and chemical composition.

A

True

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13
Q

T/F - synovial membranes are not phagocytic and do not remove cellular or molecular debris from the joint cavities

A

False, they are phagocytic and they do remove debris

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14
Q

T/F - all the linings of joint compartments synovial membrane, articular surfaces of the joint and the disc are fibrous

A

True, fibrous = not covered with an epithelium

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15
Q

T/F - condyle & squamous temporal bone both develop predominantly by endochondral ossification

A

False, its intramembranous ossification, which is for flat bones, expanding type. But for joint surfaces, they develop via endochondral ossification

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16
Q

T/F - the articular surfaces of TMJ are covered with articular cartilage

A

False, they are covered with fibrous tissue/fibrocartilage/cartilage

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17
Q

T/F - most of the condyle does develop from cartilage model

A

False, they don’t because there is no epiphysial plate to give growth in length of condyle.

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18
Q

T/F - growth in condyle length comes from specialised cartilage covering condyle

A

True

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19
Q

T/F - the specialised cartilage covering condyle is reduced to fibrocartilage when growth has ceased but can reactivate

A

True

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20
Q

T/F - Petrotympanic fissure is anterior to mandibular fossa

A

False, it is posterior

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21
Q

T/F - Petrotympanic fissure is just anterior to external acoustic meatus

A

True

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22
Q

T/F - chorda tympanic emerges from petrotympanic fissure’s lateral end

A

False, medial

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23
Q

TMJ is a _________ - sliding hinge joint with a number of unusual features

A

ginglymoarthrosis

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24
Q

Name the joint movements of TMJ

A 
Depression
Elevation
Protrusion
Retrusion
some lateral movement
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25
Jaw opening involves _______________________________________________ of head of condyle
Rotation, sliding forward and a second rotation
26
T/F - Jaw opening moves the head of condyle from contact with posterior part of disc to contact with the anterior part. Closure reverses this.
True
27
T/F - in jaw opening, forward/down movement limited by posterior attachment of capsule to temporal bone.
True
28
T/F - disc helps to control this movement and limits trauma during no movement.
False, it limits trauma DURING movement
29
Name innervation of the TMJ
- afferent innervation is via branches of V/3 - masseteric, auriculotemporal, deep temporal nerves - joint capsules, lateral ligament & retroarticular tissue contain a variety of mechanoreceptors, involved in proprioception - perception of mandibular position and movement - pain fibres - sensory input from oral mucosa and periodontal ligament are also involved in control of mandibular posture, especially fine control.
30
Name arterial blood supply to TMJ
- superficial temporal artery (terminal branch of external carotid - ascending pharyngeal artery (posterior branch of external carotid) - deep auricular (branch of maxillary artery) SAD (mnemonic)
31
Name venous blood supply to TMJ
- superficial temporal & maxillary veins & then into retromandibular vein
32
Name lymph drainage to TMJ
- Small vessels to parotid & preauricular nodes, or to submandibular nodes
33
Name motor nerve supply to muscles of mastication & buccinator
Branches of anterior division of mandibular nerve (CN5/3)
34
Name arterial supply of muscles of mastication and buccinator
Arterial supply is usually from one of the two main branches of the external carotid - namely the superficial temporal artery &/or branches of the maxillary artery
35
Name venous supply of muscles of mastication and buccinator
Most venous drainage is into pterygoid venous plexus
36
Name lymph drainage of muscles of mastication & buccinator
Preauricular & parotid nodes or to upper deep cervical nodes
37
Name origin of masseter
maxillary process of zygomer & medial side of zygomatic arch
38
Name insertion of masseter
Most of it is into lateral side of ramus of mandible
39
Name arterial supply of masseter
Masseteric, facial & transverse facial arteries
40
T/F - temporalis muscle is fan-shaped covered in temporalis fascia.
True
41
T/F - temporalis fascia is superficial to all of epicranial aponeurosis & orbicularis oculi, superficial temporal vessels, temporal branches of the facial nerve, auriculotemporal nerve.
False, it is deep to all of these structures
42
Name attachments of temporalis fascia
Superior temporal line & zygomatic arch.
43
T/F - superficial fibres of temporalis attach to fascia
True
44
Name origin of temporalis muscle
Temporal fossa & temporalis fascia
45
Name insertion of temporalis muscle
medial side of coronoid process & upper ramus
46
T/F - temporalis muscle forms a thick white tendon which passes in front of zygomatic arch
False, passes behind zygomatic arch
47
T/F - temporalis muscle is fan shaped with posterior fibres almost vertical & inferior fibres horizontal
False, posterior fibres almost horizontal, inferior fibres vertical
48
Name arterial supply of temporalis muscle
Supplied by deep temporal branches of maxillary artery with contributions from superficial temporal artery.
49
Name origin of smaller upper head of lateral pterygoid
infratemporal surface of sphenoid
50
Name origin of larger lower head of lateral pterygoid
lateral side of lateral pterygoid plate
51
Name insertion of both heads of lateral pterygoid
Neck of condyle of mandible & capsule of TMJ
52
T/F - medial pterygoid muscle is parallel to masseter & mostly medial to lateral pterygoid
True
53
Name origin of deep head of medial pterygoid muscle
Medial side of lateral pterygoid plate
54
Name origin of superficial head of medial pterygoid muscle
Pyramidal process of palatine bone
55
T/F - only deep head inserts into medial surface of ramus of mandible
False, both heads insert into medial surface
56
T/F - inferior alveolar artery and nerve are medial to medial pterygoid muscle
False, they're lateral
57
T/F - tensor palati, styloglossus, stylopharyngeus are medial to medial pterygoid muscle
True
58
T/F - maxillary artery can be superficial or deep to lower head of lateral pterygoid - variable then between two heads into pterygopalatine fossa
True
59
T/F - buccal nerve passes between 2 heads of lateral pterygoid
True
60
T/F - tendon temporalis is medial to lateral pterygoid muscle
False, it is lateral
61
T/F - lateral to lateral pterygoid muscle are middle meningeal artery, sphenomandibular ligament, chorda tympani
False, they are medial to lateral pterygoid muscle
62
T/F - Inferior alveolar nerve & artery & lingal nerve passes above lower border of lower head
False, it passes below the lower border
63
T/F - buccinator origin to outer surfaces of posterior mandible & maxilla & pterygomandibular raphe
True
64
T/F - posterior part of buccinator is deep/medial to lateral pterygoid,
False, it's medial pterygoid
65
T/F - Anterior part of buccinator curves towards to modiolus where fibres cross over & insert into orbicularis oris
True
66
Name innervation of buccinator
Dual innervation: - buccal branch of facial nerve (motor) - long/sensory buccal branch of mandibular nerve
67
T/F - buccal fat pad separates posterior buccinator & pterygomandibular raphe from ramus of mandible & masseter
True
68
_____________ - can be most easily palpated from inside of mouth. Open mouth and note a vertical ridge between upper & lower 2nd/3rd molars. _____ also attached to hamulus. Superior constrictor of pharynx attaches to ________ posteriorly
Pterygomandibular raphe
69
Name muscles depress TMJ?
Lateral pterygoid, supra & infrahyoid, gravity
70
Name muscles that elevate TMJ
temporalis (vertical fibres), masseter, medial pterygoid
71
Name muscles that protrude TMJ
lateral pterygoid mainly - holds disc forward, masseter
72
Name muscles that retrude (retrusion) the TMJ
temporalis (horizontal fibres) & Masseter
73
Name muscles that perform lateral movement of TMJ
Temporalis & masseter of same side, pterygoids of opposite side.

Head and Neck Anatomy (13 decks)

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