Lecture 11 - Fasting, Starvation and Metabolic Fuels Flashcards
the greatest proportion of our stores are in the form of what
fats
what happens in moderate to long term fasting to keep glucose levels within range
glucose sparing
during a study on fasting in 12 and 60 hours there is a big switch to using what for energy by 60 hours
by 60 hours there is a big switch away from using glucose to using fat
also small increase in protein being used
during a study on fasting in 12 and 60 hours what is the differences in the sum of energy
sum of energy is relatively the same over 12 and 60 hours
fat is a good store, but a poor
poor transporter (it is hard to get much of it dissolved in the blood)
what are some effects of starvation
reduced metabolic rate, changes in thyroid hormones
during starvation, what organs in the body lose the most mass
pancreas, kidney, muscle, heart
what organ loses hardly any mass during starvation
brain
what are the causes of death associated with starvation
- loss of breathing muscle = reduced respiration and coughing
- loss of immune system proteins = infections
- loss of albumin from serum = decreased colloid osmotic pressure, increased blood viscosity
- loss of cardiac capacity
in the case study if 382 fast associated with loss of ~125kg what was supposedly consumed
- vitamin tablets, electrolytes, yeast (source of all amino acids)
- low calorie coffee, tea and mineral water
what is the equation that is suggested how body mass and energy intake are related
Ei = Eo + Es
why can energy intake be hard to measure
- people don’t report exactly what they eat
- we can only estimate the energy content of food
- we can only estimate the composition of food
what is whole body calorimetry
an enclosed and insulated room that can measure the amount of heat and CO2 produced to work out how much energy is being expended
dietary intake typically varies much more than what
weight
as people get older they tend to increase their….
increase their energy stores
