Lecture 1 - Introduction and Review Flashcards
in simple terms, what is glycolysis
the breakdown glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid
glycolysis converts 6C glucose to …
two 3C pyruvate
what happens to pyruvate under aerobic conditions that does not happen under anaerobic conditions
through aerobic oxidation pyruvate will be converted to Acetyl-CoA
what is the key pathway of fat utilisation
B oxidation
B oxidation converts fatty acyl-CoA to what
Acetyl CoA
what is also produced during B oxidation and where can these be used
NADH and FADH2
- used in the electron transport chain
what does the citric acid cycle generate
reducing equivalents (NADH and FADH2)
ATP (or GTP)
where does the electron transport chain take place
mitochondria
what happens to reducing equivalents in the electron transport chain
re-oxidises reducing equivalents
what does pmf in the electron transport chain stand for and what does that mean
protonmotive force
proton flow through the inner membrane of the mitochondria
what potential energy does ATP-synthase use to synthesise ATP
pmf
where are reducing equivalents from the citric acid cycle etc present, so they can be used in the electron transport chain
present in the mitochondria
what is the anaerobic fermentation that can happen in yeast and goldfish
alcohol and CO2 production
what is the anaerobic fermentation that can occur in yoghurt and muscles
lactate production
where does gluconeogenesis occur
liver and kidneys
