Lecture 11: Complex Movements (Standing and Gait) Flashcards
Where is the line of gravity in relation to the lower limb joints during standing?
Posterior to hip, Anterior to knee and Anterior to ankle.
What does the line of gravity during standing produce in the hip.
Hip is forced into extension which requires no energy, anterior ligaments lock hip in place (iliofemoral ligament)
What does the line of gravity during standing produce in the knee.
The knee is forced into extension as the line of gravity runs anterior. This needs no energy and the ligaments posterior to the knee lock. Knee at full extension is at its most stable due to highest amount of bony congruence.
What does the line of gravity during standing produce at the ankle.
Gravity force the ankle into dorsiflexion, plantarflexes activate to stop movement. This is inefficient and burns through energy.
Explain Early Stance.
Early stance (Heel Strike).
Hip is in flexion but moving into extension. Concentric action of hamstrings and gluteus maximus.
Eccentric activity of iliopsoas and rectus femoris.
Knee is in extention, locked for stability. Most stable position at full extension. Isometric activity of quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius.
Ankle in dorsiflexion but moving through to plantarflexion, concentric activity of the triceps surae and eccentric activity of tibialus anterior.
Explain Mid Stance.
Hip moving through extension. Concentric activity of hamstrings and gluteus maximus. Eccentric activity of iliopsoas and rectus femoris.
Knee is moving from extention to slight flexion there is concentric action of hamstrings and gastrocnemius. Eccentric action of guadriceps femoris.
Ankle is moving into plantarflexion, triceps surae act concentrically. Tibialus anterior eccentrically.
Explain Late Stance.
Hip is in extension. Concentric activity of hamstrings and gluteus maximus. Eccentric activity of iliopsoas and rectus femoris.
Knee In extension as ankle moves into full plantarflexion. Concentric action of hamstring and gastrocnemius.
Ankle in full plantarflexion, concentric action of triceps surae.
Explain Early Swing.
Hip is in extension moving into flexion. Concentric activity of the iliopsoas and rectus femoris and eccentric activity of the gluteus maximus and hamstrings.
The knee moves into flexion via the contraction of the hamstrings and the gastrocnemius. The antagonist to this movement are the quadriceps.
The ankle begins to move out of plantarflexion and into dorsiflexion via the concentric contraction of the tibialis anterior.
Explain Mid Swing.
Hip is in flexion concentric activity of the iliopsoas and rectus femoris and eccentric activity of the gluteus maximus and hamstrings.
The knee is in stable flexion via isometric contraction of the quadriceps femoris, gastrocnemius and hamstrings.
Concentric contraction of the tibialis anterior leads to dorsiflexion of the foot.
Explain Late Swing.
Late Swing
Hip is in flexion therefore the iliopsoas is concentrically contracting.
Knee is extending due to concentric activity of the quadriceps.
Ankle is dorsiflexing
In dorsiflexion for most stable joint position for heel strike.Concentric activity of tibialis anterior and isometric activity triceps surae to keep ankle stable
