Lecture 11 - Carpals and Tarsals Flashcards
1
Q
general characteristics of the HAND
A
- > 27 hand bones in total
- > contains carpals and meta carpals
- > phalanges (proximal, intermediate digits 1-4, distal)
- > sesamoid bones can be found in tendons
2
Q
directional terminology of the hand
A
- > Palmer (anterior)
- > dorsal (posterior)
- > Ulnar/little finger side (medial)
- > radial/thumb size (lateral)
3
Q
list all carpals
A
- > trapezium
- > trapezoid
- > capitate
- > hamate
- > scaphoid
- > lunate
- > triquetral
- > pisiform
4
Q
scaphoid
A
- > hand version of the navicular
- > shaped like a boat
- > one of the largest carpals
- > most lateral and proximal carpal
- > found at base of thumb
- > 5 facets
- radius
- trapezoid
- trapezium
- lunate
- capitate
5
Q
lunate
A
- > shaped like a half moon
- > 5 facets
- radius
- capitate
- scaphoid
- triquetral
- hamate
6
Q
Triquetral
A
- > rectangular shape (3 facets = tri)
- > 3rd in proximal carpal row
- > 3 facets
- hamate
- lunate
- pisiform
7
Q
pisiform
A
- > pea shaped
- > smallest carpal, actually a sesamoid
- > 1 facet
- triquetral
8
Q
Trapezium
A
- > irregular shape (letter T)
- > distinguished by saddle-shape facet and long tubercle/crest
- > directly below the thumb
- > 4 facets
- trapezoid
- scaphoid
- MC1
- MC2
9
Q
trapezoid
A
- > boot shape
- > smallest carpal in the distal row
- > 4 facets
- scaphoid, capitate, trapezium, MC2
10
Q
capitate
A
- > darth vader shape
- > proximal end is round and distal end is square
- > 6 facets
- hamate
- trapezoid
- scaphoid
- lunate
- MC2
- MC3
11
Q
hamate
A
- > wedge shape
- > hamulus: hook shape non-articular projection on palmar surface
- > 5 facets
- trquetral
- capitate
- lunate
- MC4
- MC5
12
Q
characteristics of the foot
A
- > 26 bones
- > sesamoid bones, if any, are found under MT1
- > evolved from being able to grasp things to now more shock absorption and propulsion
- > there are 2 proximal tarsals, 4 distal and 1 in between (8 total)
13
Q
directional terminology of the foot
A
Inferior - > plantar/sole of foot
Superior - > dorsal/top of foot
Proximal/Posterior - > towards Tib
Distal/anterior - > towards the toes
14
Q
list all the tarsals
A
7 total
- > talus
- > calcaneus
- > navicular
- > 1st/2nd/3rd cuneiforms
- > cuboid
15
Q
talus
A
- > “astragalus” in other animals
- > 2nd largest tarsal
- > located between tib and fib
- > 2 facets
- calcaneus
- navicular
