Lecture 1 - Intro to Osteology Flashcards
what is human osteology
the study of human remains
how does HO feed into other disciplines? List examples
human osteology feeds into the disciplines listed below as it is a foundational concept. It is also important that everyone stay in their lane even though they all have a base knowledge of HO
- > physical/biological anthropology
- > osteology
- > bioarchaeology
- > forensic anthropology
- > mortuary archeology
why is osteology so important?
- > it allows us to uncover clues about recent and ancient past
- > it is the first level of questioing that contributes to more in-depth research
- sex determination
- age determination
- health and stress
- diet
- growth and development
describe standard anatomical position
- > standing erect
- > facing forward
- > palms of hands facing forward
- > no bones crossed (radius and ulna)
what makes up the axial skeleton
- > cranium
- > ribs
- > sternum
- > vertebrae
- > sacrum
what makes up the appendicular skeleton
- > clavicle
- > scapula
- > radius
- > ulna
- > carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
- > os coxae
- > femur
- > tibia
- > fibula
- > tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
what is the sagittal plane and what directional terms does it use
sagittal plane splits the body into a right and left half
- > lateral is more away
- > medial is closer to the middle
what is the transverse plane and what directional terms does it use
transverse plane separates the body into upper and lower sections
- > superior is above the transverse plane
- > inferior is below
what is the coronal plane and what directional terms does it use
coronal plane splits the body into front and back halfs
- > anterior is in front of the coronal plane
- > posterior is behind
directional terminology of the appendicular skeleton
- > proximal means towards the axial skeleton
- > distal means away from axial skeleton
list all the directional terminology that we will use in this course
- > superior/inferior
- > anterior/posterior
- > medial/lateral
- > ventral/dorsal (more animals)
- > proximal/distal
- > palmar/dorsal
- > plantar/dorsal
list all the anatomical structures that would be considered projections
- > condyle
- > eminence
- > epicondyle
- > epiphysis
- > facet
- > malleolus
- > process
- > tuberosity
- > tubercle
- > trochanter
list all the anatomical structures that would be considered as depressions
- > alveolus
- > canal
- > foramen
- > fossa
- > fovea
- > groove
- > meatus
- > sulcus
- > suture
list the bones that make up the skull
- > frontal
- > parietal (2)
- > temporal (2)
- > occipital
maxilla
maxilla (1) or maxillae (2)
- > upper dentition is indented in L/R maxillae
