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BI 468 Plant Biodiversity > Lecture 11: Angiosperms 2 (Monocotyledons: Asparagales to Commelinanae) > Flashcards

Lecture 11: Angiosperms 2 (Monocotyledons: Asparagales to Commelinanae) Flashcards

1
Q

What TYPE of plant is the family Agavaceae?

A

Herbs with rhizomes (sometimes trees)

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2
Q

What are the LEAVES of the family Agavaceae?

A

Basal

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3
Q

True or False: The family agavaceae is monocarpic

A

True

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4
Q

What is the INFLORESCENCE of the family Agavaceae?

A

huge

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5
Q

What are the FLOWERS of the family Agavaceae?

A

bisexual, radial

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6
Q

What are the TEPALS of the family Agavaceae?

A

3 + 3, free

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7
Q

What is the ANDROECIUM of the family Agavaceae?

A

3 + 3

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8
Q

What is the GYNOECIUM of the family Agavaceae?

A

3, gynoecium syncarpous, ovary inferior (in Agave)

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9
Q

What is the floral formula of the family Agavaceae?

A

P:3+3 A:3+3 G:(3)

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10
Q

What is the FRUIT of the family Agavaceae?

A

Capsules

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11
Q

True or False: Agave americana is often encountered as a weed in the Mediterranean (e.g. Spain)

A

True

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12
Q

What is blue agave used for?

A

Tequilla

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13
Q

What TYPE of plant is the family Alliaceae (550 spp: onion, garlic, chives & leek spp.)?

A

Herbs with bulbs

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14
Q

What are the LEAVES of the family Alliaceae?

A

alternate, linear or cylindrical

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15
Q

What is the INFLORESCENCE of the family Alliaceae?

A

umbel-like cyme

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16
Q

What are the FLOWERS of the family Alliaceae?

A

bisexual, radial

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17
Q

What are the TEPALS of the family Alliaceae?

A

3 + 3, free

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18
Q

What is the ANDROECIUM of the family Alliaceae?

A

3 + 3

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19
Q

What is the GYNOECIUM of the family Alliaceae?

A

3, gynoecium syncarpous, ovary superior.

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20
Q

What is the floral formula of the family Alliaceae?

A

P:3+3 A:3+3 G:(3)

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21
Q

What is the FRUIT of the family Alliaceae?

A

capsules

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22
Q

WHat is the juice of a onion used for?

A

insect repellant and bites and hair growth

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23
Q

What is the bulb of a onion used for?

A

is anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, diuretic, expectorant, febrifuge, hypoglycaemic, hypotensive, and tonic

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24
Q

____ is used for ringworm

A

Garlic

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25
Q

What TYPE of plant is the family Iridaceae?

A

Herbs with corms, rhizomes

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26
Q

What are the LEAVES of the family Iridaceae?

A

alternate, linear

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27
Q

What is the INFLORESCENSE of the family Iridaceae?

A

cyme

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28
Q

What are the FLOWERS of the family Iridaceae?

A

bisexual, radial

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29
Q

What are the TEPALS of the family Iridaceae?

A

3 + 3, free

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30
Q

What is the ANDROECIUM of the family Iridaceae?

A

3 + 3

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31
Q

What is the GYNOECIUM of the family Iridaceae?

A

3, gynoecium syncarpous, ovary inferior

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32
Q

What is the floral formula of the family Iridaceae?

A

P:3+3 A:3+3 G:(3)

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33
Q

What is the FRUIT of the family Iridaceae?

A

capsules

34
Q

What is the habitat where iris grows?

A

Iris versicolor grows on edges of ponds and moist soils; shallow waters, sedge meadows, marshes, and along streambanks and shores, wet meadows, along shorelines, and in forested wetlands

35
Q

What TYPE of plant is the family Orchidaceae (over 20000sp.)?

A

Herbs with rhizomes, corms or tubers, depend on mychorrhizal associations with fungi

36
Q

What are the LEAVES of the family Orchidaceae?

A

alternate

37
Q

What are the FLOWERS of the family Orchidaceae?

A

very peculiar, bisexual, zygomorphic.

38
Q

What are the TEPALS of the family Orchidaceae?

A

6, one of them modified in shape & coloration called labelum (lip)

39
Q

In the family orchidaceae, The androecium and gynoecium fuse into a column called _____.

A

gynostegium

40
Q

In the family orchidaceae,Pollen grains in each anther aggregated in a sticky mass called ______.

A

Pollonium

41
Q

What is the floral formula of the family Orchidaceae?

A

%P:3+3 A:[1-2 G:(3)]

42
Q

What is the fruit of the family Orchidaceae?

A

capsule

43
Q

True or False: The seeds are large in the family orchidaceae?

A

False, microscopic

44
Q

The microscopic seeds lack ______, cotyledons and need their fungus partner to germinate

A

endosperm

45
Q

The amazing flower diversity of orchid is the result of ______.

A

coevolution with different pollinators

46
Q

The 3 genera of orchids talked about it class were based on there labellum: _____ has a sac-like labellum _____ has on ovate fringed labellum _____ has a 2-lobed labellum

A

Cypripedium Pogonia Listera

47
Q

What part of vanilla is used?

A

Matured capsule becomes black when picked and dried

48
Q

The _______ is the order of monocotyledons that is palm trees and the ______ is the order of monocotyledons that is bananas and gingers

A

Arecanae Zingiberanae

49
Q

What TYPE of plant is the family Cyperaceae?

A

Grass-like herbs that grow in wet conditions.

50
Q

What is the STEM of the family Cyperaceae?

A

3-angled

51
Q

What are the LEAVES of the family Cyperaceae?

A

alternate, linear, usually in 3 ranks

52
Q

What is the INFLORESCENCE of the family Cyperaceae?

A

spike

53
Q

What are the FLOWERS of the family Cyperaceae? (Female)

A

a bottle-shaped bract at base called utricle (perigynium)

54
Q

True or False: The perianth is absent or have scale like elements

A

True

55
Q

What is the ANDROECIUM of the family Cyperaceae?

A

3

56
Q

What is the GYNOECIUM of the family Cyperaceae?

A

2, connate, ovary superior when perianth is present)

57
Q

What is the floral formula of the family Cyperaceae?

A

P:0 A:3 G:(2)

58
Q

What is the FRUIT of the family Cyperaceae?

A

3-angled achene enclosed in the utricle

59
Q

Utricle (perigynia) characteristics are very important for the ______of Carex species

A

Identification

60
Q

True or False: Sedges are important because they usually form large wetland communities

A

True

61
Q

What is the family Poaceae used for?

A

cereal crops (food & sugar) grazing/pasture/forage crops ornamentals building materials source for matting

62
Q

What are the 9 major grass grain crops?

A

Wheat (C3) Corn (Maize) (C4) Rice (C3) Barley (C3) Sorghum (C4) Oats (C3) Millet (C3 & C4; different species) Rye (C3) Triticale (wheat & rye hybrid; C3)

63
Q

_______ grasslands exhibit seasonal drought, occasional fires, and are usually used for grazing and agriculture.

A

Temperate

64
Q

______ are grasslands with scattered trees, that show distinct seasons, particularly wet and dry.

A

Savannas

65
Q

What TYPE of plant is the family Poaceae?

A

Herbs (trees in tropical bamboos)

66
Q

In poaceae the roots are _____ and the stems are _____ which means?

A

fibrous culm, full at nodes, empty at internodes

67
Q

What are the LEAVES of the family Poaceae?

A

Leave are linear, sessile but with a very well developed sheath that completely envelops the lower internode.

68
Q

The _____ and ______ are characteristic to Poaceae leaves. Their morphology is important for Poaceae ID during seedling stage.

A

ligule and auricle

69
Q

______ prevents things to get inside the sheath _______ anchor leaf blade on the stem

A

Ligule Auricle

70
Q

Each flower of Poaceae is typically embraced by a pair of miniature bracts called the ____ and the _____

A

lemma palea

71
Q

What is the ANDROECIUM of the family Poaceae?

A

3 or occasionally 6 distinct stamens

72
Q

What is the GYNOECIUM of the family Poaceae?

A

2 fused carpels, an equal number of styles with feathery stigmas; ovary is superior with one locule containing a single ovule.

73
Q

What is the INFLORESCENCE of the family Poaceae?

A

Spikelet

74
Q

The basic unit of the inflorescence is called a spikelet typically consisting of a basal pair of bracts called ______ and one or more flowers arranged on an often zigzag spikelet axis called the rachilla (rachis).

A

Glumes

75
Q

True or False: The spikelet is essentially the racemose inflorescence called spike (with sessile flowers)

A

True

76
Q

Flowers have wind-pollination adaptations which are ______ and ______.

A

hanging stamens and feathery stigmas

77
Q

True or False: The “spike”: is in fact a spike with spikelets and the “panicle” = a panicle with spikelets

A

True

78
Q

______ has a “spike” inflorescence and ____ and ____ have a “panicle” inflorescence

A

Wheat – Triticum aestivum Oryza sativa - rice and Zea mays – corn

79
Q

What is the FRUIT of the family Poaceae?

A

caryopsis

80
Q

How to distinguish the grass looking plants by their stems?

A

‘Sedges (Cyperaceae) have edges, rushes are round (Juncaceae), grasses (Poaceae) have knees that bend to the ground

81
Q

How to distinguish grasses (Poaceae) from rushes (Juncaceae) & sedges (Cyperaceae)

A

BI 468 Plant Biodiversity (10 decks)

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