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Micro > Lecture 11 > Flashcards

Lecture 11 Flashcards

1
Q

What organisms spread via vectors?

A

Borrelia
Rickettsia
Yersinia Pestis

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2
Q

Borrelia shape and stain

A

Long spirochetes

GramNeg, NO LPS!

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3
Q

What does borrelia have in place of LPS?

A

Inflammatory lipoproteins in OM

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4
Q

B. recurrentis, B. hermsii, 20 others cause what?

A

Recurrent fever

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5
Q

B. recurrentis, B. hermsii, 20 others (recurrent fever) symptoms?

A

Sudden onset fever
Intense headache
Muscle pain
SYMPTOMS RECUR EVERY 5-10 DAYS

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6
Q

What causes recurrent fever via B. recurrentis, B. hermsii, 20 others?

A

Antigen keeps switching

New lymphocytes have to be made on a cyclic basis

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7
Q

What can B. recurrentis, B. hermsii, 20 others lead to after recurrent fever?

A

Necrotic foci in parenchymatous organs

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8
Q

B. burgdorferi + 9 others cause what?

A

Lyme disease

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9
Q

Lyme disease initial symptoms

A

Flu-like symptoms

erythema chronicum migrans

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10
Q

Lyme disease secondary symptoms

A

facial nerve palsy
meningitis
carditis

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11
Q

B. recurrentis spreads how?

A

Lice

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12
Q

B. hermii spreads how?

A

Soft-bodied ticks from rodent reservoir

many infected ticks out west, but outbreaks are rare

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13
Q

B. burgdorferi spreads how?

A

Transmitted by deer ticks

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14
Q

What protein on B. recurrentis, B. hermsii is the one with variation?

A

VMP protein antigen

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15
Q

How do you treat recurrent fever?

A

Doxy or synthetic PCNs

Can use 3 gen ceph to treat recalcitrant infections

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16
Q

Shape and stain of rickettsia

A

Small rods

Gram Neg

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17
Q

Rickettsia metabolism

A

Obligate intracellular parasite

18
Q

What are the four types of rickettsia

A

Typhus
Spotted fever
Ehrlichia/anaplasma
Coxiella burnetti

19
Q

Where do typhus group rickettsias grow

A

Host cytoplasm

20
Q

Where do spotted fever group rickettsias grow

A

Host cytoplasm

21
Q

Organism has a common lifecycle to chlamydia

A

Ehrlichia and anaplasm group rickettsias

22
Q

What do ehrlichia and anaplasm group rickettsias lack?

A

No PG or LPS

23
Q

How does typhus group rickettsia cause illness?

A

Parasite of blood endothelium –> vasculitis
Begins on chest and moves to extremities
Severe prostration and high fever
R. akari causes smallpox-like rash

24
Q

What bug causes spotted fever type rickesttsia

A

R. rickettsii

25
Q

R. rickettsi (spotted fever type) causes illness how?

A

Endothelial pathogen

Rash on extremities that moves to trunk

26
Q

What special disease belongs to spotted fever type rickettsia

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted fever

27
Q

Rocky mountain spotted fever symptoms

A 
Abrupt fever
HA
N/V
Myalgias, arthralgias
Abodominal pain due to vasculitis of organs (50% fatal without treatment)
28
Q

Ehrlichia chaffeensis (monocytic erlichiosis, HME) causes illness how?

A

Obligate parasite of monocytes and macrophages

Pathology from immune response

29
Q 
Ehrlichia chaffeensis (monocytic erlichiosis, HME)
symptoms?
A 
HA
Myalgias
Thrombocytopenia
Lymphopenia
Bone marrow granulomas
Like RMSF but without vasculitis
30
Q

Anaplasma phagocytophilum (anaplasmosis, HGA) sypmtoms?

A

Maybe rash

Symptoms like Ehrlichia

31
Q

How does Anaplasma phagocytophilum (anaplasmosis, HGA) cause illness?

A

Obligate parasite of neutrophils and granulocytes

Pathology from immune response

32
Q

Coxiella (Q-fever) resembles what?

A

resembles influenza or pneumonia rather than typhus

33
Q

Chronic coxiella can lead to what?

A

Endocarditis in PTs with defective heart valves

34
Q

Typical presentation of coxiella?

A

Fever with pneumonia/hepatitis 2-3 weeks after exposure

35
Q

What two bugs cause typhus group rickettsial infection and how do you get each?

A

R. prowazekii-human lice
R. typhi-rat flea
Prevalent where hygiene is low

36
Q

Where is spotted fever common and how do you get it in each place?

A

East US-dog tick

West US-wood-tick

37
Q

Ehrlichia and Anaplasma are spread how?

A

Ticks

38
Q

Coxiella burnetii (Q-fever) is spread to humans how?

A

Dust or aerosal from infected animals-goats, cattle, sheep, cats (even though it is spread to other animals via ticks)

39
Q

Coxiella burnetti attacks what part of the body?

A

Lung epithelium

40
Q

How do rickettsias attack blood vessels?

A

Phospholipase A targets cell membranes to lice blood vessels and other epithelium
R. Rickettsii also attacks smooth muscle

41
Q

What is the treatment for rickettsial infections

A

Tetracycline/doxycycline

Micro (13 decks)

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