Lecture 11

Question 1

Colonial invertebrates, different organisms that comprise a super-organism. Are physiologically integrated - can be separated by cannot live on their own

Answer 1

Zooid

Question 2

Coral - colonial invertebrate
Man-of-war

Answer 2

Animal example of a zooid

Question 3

1. Cooperative care of the young
2. Non-fertile members support fertile members
3. There may be two or more generations overlapping in the same colony

Answer 3

Three major characteristics of eusocial animals

Question 4

Females develop from fertilized eggs - diploid (sexual reproduction)
Males develop from unfertilized eggs - haploid (asexual reproduction, parthenogenesis)

Answer 4

Honeybees and haplodiploid

Question 5

Parasite exploits food resources, parasite feeds on host’s tissue or blood, parasite often specializes on one host, may or may not kill the host, often smaller than the host. (tend to be more benign, are slow growing and don’t usually kill their host or get the host sick)

Answer 5

Conventional parasitism

Question 6

Ticks, tapeworms, leeches, roundworms

Answer 6

Animal examples of conventional parasitism

Question 7

When an animal lays its eggs in a host and the eggs hatch out and the larvae consumes the host

Answer 7

Parasitoidism

Question 8

Parasitoid wasps - wasps lay eggs in the hornworm, the larvae eat the caterpillar and emerge to spin a cocoon and metamorphose into an adult wasp.

Answer 8

Example of a parasitoid animal

Question 9

When an animal steal from another (may be nesting material, ornaments, food)

Answer 9

Kleptoparasitism

Question 10

Frigate bird steals food, Satin Bower Bird steals ornaments

Answer 10

Animal examples of kleptoparasitism

Question 11

Parasite gets its host to raise its young (can be a specialist or generalist)

Answer 11

Social parasitism

Question 12

Cowbird parasitizes over 200 species of eggs - lays egg in nest of warbler for it to raise

Answer 12

Animal example of social parasitism

Question 13

A close, prolonged association between two or more different biological species.
Commensalism - one animal benefits while the situation is benign for the other
Mutualism - both animals benefit

Answer 13

Symbiotic relationships

Question 14

Crustacean carries a poisonous mollusk on his back

Answer 14

Commensalism/symbiotic relationship

Question 15

Nocturnal bats drink nectar and pollinates the flowers

Answer 15

Mutualism/symbiotic relationship

Question 16

each have two copies of each chromosome. Termites have an XX/XY sex determination system, which is different from the haplodiploidy system found in other insects, like bees and ants, unusual gene sharing between sexes makes them highly related

Answer 16

Diploid sexes and termites

Question 17

Eusocial mammal that exhibit non-fertile members helping fertile members, are
long lived and have long gestation (unlike any other eusocial), high ranking female
replaces queen and queen has many overlapping generations to keep robust army,
also cooperative care of young.

Answer 17

Naked mole rat - major life history traits

Question 18

Zooid

Answer 18

Colonial invertebrates, different organisms that comprise a super-organism. Are physiologically integrated - can be separated by cannot live on their own

Question 19

Animal example of a zooid

Answer 19

Coral - colonial invertebrate
Man-of-war

Question 20

Three major characteristics of eusocial animals

Answer 20

1. Cooperative care of the young
2. Non-fertile members support fertile members
3. There may be two or more generations overlapping in the same colony

Question 21

Honeybees and haplodiploid

Answer 21

Females develop from fertilized eggs - diploid (sexual reproduction)
Males develop from unfertilized eggs - haploid (asexual reproduction, parthenogenesis)

Question 22

Conventional parasitism

Answer 22

Parasite exploits food resources, parasite feeds on host’s tissue or blood, parasite often specializes on one host, may or may not kill the host, often smaller than the host. (tend to be more benign, are slow growing and don’t usually kill their host or get the host sick)

Question 23

Animal examples of conventional parasitism

Answer 23

Ticks, tapeworms, leeches, roundworms

Question 24

Parasitoidism

Answer 24

When an animal lays its eggs in a host and the eggs hatch out and the larvae consumes the host

Question 25

Example of a parasitoid animal

Answer 25

Parasitoid wasps - wasps lay eggs in the hornworm, the larvae eat the caterpillar and emerge to spin a cocoon and metamorphose into an adult wasp.

Question 26

Kleptoparasitism

Answer 26

When an animal steal from another (may be nesting material, ornaments, food)

Question 27

Animal examples of kleptoparasitism

Answer 27

Frigate bird steals food, Satin Bower Bird steals ornaments

Question 28

Social parasitism

Answer 28

Parasite gets its host to raise its young (can be a specialist or generalist)

Question 29

Animal example of social parasitism

Answer 29

Cowbird parasitizes over 200 species of eggs - lays egg in nest of warbler for it to raise

Question 30

Symbiotic relationships

Answer 30

A close, prolonged association between two or more different biological species.
Commensalism - one animal benefits while the situation is benign for the other
Mutualism - both animals benefit

Question 31

Commensalism/symbiotic relationship

Answer 31

Crustacean carries a poisonous mollusk on his back

Question 32

Mutualism/symbiotic relationship

Answer 32

Nocturnal bats drink nectar and pollinates the flowers

Question 33

Diploid sexes and termites

Answer 33

each have two copies of each chromosome. Termites have an XX/XY sex determination system, which is different from the haplodiploidy system found in other insects, like bees and ants, unusual gene sharing between sexes makes them highly related

Question 34

Naked mole rat - major life history traits

Answer 34

Eusocial mammal that exhibit non-fertile members helping fertile members, are
long lived and have long gestation (unlike any other eusocial), high ranking female
replaces queen and queen has many overlapping generations to keep robust army,
also cooperative care of young.