Lecture 10: Cartilage Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What distinguishes one type of cartilage from another?

A

The Extracellular Matrix differs between types

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2
Q

What structures does cartilage lacks supply from?

A

Nerves

Blood Vessels

Lymphatics

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3
Q

What secretes the cartilage matrix?

A

Chondroblasts

Has mitotic capabilities

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4
Q

Where do chondrocytes come from?

A

Chondroblasts

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5
Q

What do you call a group of several chondrocytes in close proximity to each other?

A

An Isogenous Group

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6
Q

What is the structure that chondrocytes are housed in?

A

Lacunae: hollow space in the extracellular matrix of cartilage

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7
Q

What type of fibers is found in the cartilage matrix?

What is the most common

A
  • Type II Collagen (most predominant)
  • Type I Collagen
  • Elastin Fibers (elastic cartilage)
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8
Q

Where does cartilage arise from?

A

Embryonic Mesenchyme

Differentiation takes places from center to outward

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9
Q

What is the role of perichondrium?

A
  • Essential from growth and maintenance of cartilage
  • Holds the cartilage in place
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10
Q

What kind of connective tissue is the perichondrium?

A

Dense irregular connective tissue

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11
Q

What types of cartilages has a perichondrium?

Which types lack it?

A

Perichondrium Present:

  • Hyaline Cartilage
  • Elastic Cartilage

Perichondrium Absent

  • Hyaline Articular Cartilage
  • Fibrocartilage
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12
Q

What are the characteristics of the fibrous (outer) layer of the perichondrium?

A

Produces Type 1 collagen and fibroblasts

Acts as a transitional zone

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of the chondrogenic (inner) layer of the perichondrium?

A
  • Adjoins cartilage matrix
  • Contains mesenchymal stem cells that have chondroblasts that can differentiate into chondroblasts
  • Secretes Type II collagen
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14
Q

What has a vascular supply, which then allows the cartilage nearby to gain some nutrients?

A

The perichondrium

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15
Q

During periods of cartilage growth, where do new cartilage cells come from?

A

The perichondrium

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16
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

What type of collagen does it use?

Where is it found?

A

Type II collagen

Found in: Articular Cartilage, Larynx, Trachea, Ribs, Embryonic Developlment

17
Q

What is the hyaline matrix composed of?

A

Territorial Matrix

Interterritorial Matrix

Gives it a glassy, opaque look

18
Q

What is the epiphyseal plate made of?

A

Hyaline Cartilage

19
Q

What is the Territorial Matrix?

What molecule is it rich in?

What molecule does it have less of?

A

The more intensely stained portion of cartilage around any given isogenous group.

Rich in Glucosaminoglycans [GAGs]

Less Type II Collagen

20
Q

What is the Interterritorial Matrix rich in?

What does it have fewer of?

A

Type II Collagen

Proteoglycans

Less intense staining

21
Q

Elastic Cartilage

What type of collagen does it use?

Where is it found?

A

Type II Collagen and Elastin

Found in: External Ear, Epiglottis, Auditory tube

22
Q

Fibrocartilage Cartilage

What type of collagen does it use?

Where is it found?

A

Type I Collagen (Little Type II)

Found in: Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and selected joint capsules

23
Q

What is the purpose of Fibrocartilage?

A

Withstands compression and shearing forces

24
Q

What is Fibrocartilage made up of in the most basic sense?

A

Hyaline cartilage and Dense Regular connective tissue

25
What is interstitial growth?
Mitotic division of preexisting chondrocytes in lacunae ## Footnote *Adding volume*
26
What is appositional growth?
Chondroblast differentiation from progenitor cells in _perichondrium_
27
Where do we see type 1 collagen in cartilage?
Fibrocartilage Outer perichondrium
28
How is repair cartilage different than other types? What kinds of collagen does it contain? What other tissue does it stimulate?
It is an intermediate between Hyaline and Fibrous Cartilage Types 1 and 2 Facilitates bone healing - but can cause bone spurs
29
What lines the ends of bones where they meet inside of an articular capsule?
Articular Cartilage (Hyaline Cartilage with **no perichondrium**)