Lecture 1 Slides Flashcards
Define Anatomy
The study of structures
Subdivisions of Anatomy
Gross or macroscopic (systemic anatomy)
Microscopic (cytology)
Developmental (embryology)
Physiology
The study of functions at many levels
Subdivisions of physiology are based on
Organ systems
Ex: like the nervous system cardiovascular physiology
Essential tools for the study of physiology -
Ability to Focus on many levels
Basic physical principles
Basic chemical principles
Anatomy and physiology are
Inseparable
Functions always reflect
Structure
What a structure can do depends on its specific
Form
The six levels of structural organization
- Chemical level
- Cellular level
- Tissue level
- Organ level
- Organ system level
6.organismal level
What is the chemical level
Atoms combine to form molecules
What is cellular level
Cells are made up of molecules
What is the tissue level?
Tissues consist of similar types of cells
What is the organ level?
Organisms Are made up of different types of tissue
What is the organ system level
Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely
What is the Organismal level
The human organism is made up of many organ systems
What are the 11 organ systems
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine,cardiovascular, lymphatic respiratory,digestive,reproductive, and urinary
What is the integumentary system
Forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury it also synthesizes vitamin D and houses cutaneous receptors and sweat oil glands are
What is the skeletal system
Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles used to cause movement blood cells are formed within bones
Bones store minerals
Muscular system
Allows manipulation of the environment locomotion and facial expression maintains posture and produces heat
Nervous system
As the fast acting control system of the body it responds to internal and external changes by activation appropriate muscles and glands
Endocrine system
Glands secrete hormones that regulate process susceptible as growth reproduction and nutrient use
What does it mean by Organ System interrelationships
All cells depend on organ systems to meet their survival needs
Organism work
Cooperatively to reform necessary life functions
What are the 8 necessary life functions
1 Maintaining boundaries
2.movement
- Reproduction
4 digestion
- Metabolism
- Excretion
- Reproduction
- Growth
