Lecture 1 (Revised)

Question 1

Most Blood Volume is in?

Answer 1

Veins

Question 2

Blood Velocity is Lowest in?

Answer 2

Capillaries

Question 3

Capillary Beds Constitute Highest?

Answer 3

Surface Area

Question 4

Circulatory System?

Answer 4

(Cardiovascular System)
A network composed of the Heart as a centralized pump, blood vessels that distribute blood throughout the body, and the blood itself

Question 5

Arteries are?

Answer 5

Away from the Heart

Question 6

Veins are?

Answer 6

Toward the Heart

Question 7

Circulatory Functions?

Answer 7

1) Transport essential substances to tissues (a lot of oxygen)
2) Remove metabolic waste products (remove CO2)
3) Homeostasis

Question 8

Blood Flow?

Answer 8

IVC + SVC –> RA –> RV –> PA –> Lungs (oxygenated) –> PV –> LA –> LV –> Aorta

Question 9

Systole?

Answer 9

When Heart contracts to pump blood out

Question 10

Diastole?

Answer 10

When Heart relaxes after contraction and is filled with returning blood

Question 11

Arterioles?

Answer 11

-Regulate Blood Pressure and Blood Flow
-Largest drop in pressure

Question 12

Smaller arteries have a lot more?

Answer 12

Smooth Muscle

Question 13

Aorta’s job is?

Answer 13

Distribution, uses elastic tissue to pump it far

Question 14

82% of all Blood?

Answer 14

Systemic Circulation

Question 15

64% of all Blood?

Answer 15

Blood Reservoir

Question 16

When blood gets to Arterioles it?

Answer 16

Decreases a lot

Question 17

When blood gets to capillaries and veins?

Answer 17

It doesn’t have a pulse anymore

Question 18

Mean Blood Pressure is similar throughout?

Answer 18

Aorta and Large Arteries

Question 19

Cross-Sectional Area is inversely proportional to?

Answer 19

Velocity

Question 20

Resistance is determined by?

Answer 20

Tube radius and length and fluid viscosity

Question 21

Decrease radius of Arterioles?

Answer 21

Increase resistance

Question 22

Pressure downstream is?

Answer 22

Lower than Pressure upstream

Question 23

If Pressure is increased?

Answer 23

Flow is increased

Question 24

Capillaries basically work as?

Answer 24

Resistors

Question 25

Laminar Flow?

Answer 25

-Linear -Energy efficient

Question 26

Turbulent Flow?

Answer 26

-Irregular, turbulent flow -More energy required -Harmful to vessel wall

Question 27

Hematocrit (Blood Composition)?

Answer 27

(45%) Portion of Blood that contains Red Blood Cells

Question 28

By lowering Hematocrit?

Answer 28

Lower resistance to flow and it flows faster

Question 29

2 Loops of Circulatory System?

Answer 29

1) Shorter (O2/CO2 exchange) 2) Longer (Distribution of Blood throughout body)

Question 30

Increase in CO2, Decrease in O2?

Answer 30

Pulmonary Arteries

Question 31

Increase in O2, Decrease in CO2?

Answer 31

Pulmonary Veins

Question 32

Diastole and Systole you can think as one?

Answer 32

Heart Beat

Question 33

Respiratory (Blood Function)?

Answer 33

-Transport O2 from lungs to tissues -Transport CO2 from tissues to lungs

Question 34

Nutrition (Blood Function)?

Answer 34

Transport "food" from gut to tissues (cells)

Question 35

Excretory (Blood Function)?

Answer 35

Transport waste from tissues to kidney and skin (urea, uric acid, water)

Question 36

Regulatory (Blood Functions)?

Answer 36

-Water content of tissues -Water exchanged through vessel walls to tissue

Question 37

Body Temperature Protective (Blood Functions)?

Answer 37

Antibodies, antitoxins, WBCs

Question 38

Coagulation (Blood Functions)?

Answer 38

Blood Coagulation (Ex. fibrinogen)

Question 39

Albumins (Blood Protein)?

Answer 39

(57%)Maintain hydrostatic

Question 40

Globulins (Blood Protein)?

Answer 40

(38%) Immune System

Question 41

Fibrinogen (Blood Protein)?

Answer 41

(4%) Blood Coagulation

Question 42

Blood Reserve allows?

Answer 42

Control of blood volume and makes up for fact that capillaries are not always open

Question 43

Pulse is ___ - ____?

Answer 43

Systole - Diastole

Question 44

If you increase velocity and increases cross-sectional area?

Answer 44

There is more time for exchange

Question 44

If you increase velocity and increases cross-sectional area?

Answer 44

There is more time for exchange

Question 45

Don't want blood to move to fast because?

Answer 45

Need time to exchange processes

Question 46

Don't want blood to move to fast because?

Answer 46

Need time to exchange processes

Question 47

If you decrease a tube radius, increase?

Answer 47

Resistance a lot

Question 48

Blood flow is controlled primarily by?

Answer 48

Regulating vessel radius

Question 49

Parallel?

Answer 49

-2 paths they can choose -Add more capillaries (work as resistors) (not much change) -Greatly reduces resistance to blood flow (more parallel circuits, less total resistance)

Question 50

Series?

Answer 50

-No change in path, they just go straight through -Add them up -BP decreases downstream

Question 51

When a given area of vasculature is contracted?

Answer 51

Upstream pressures are increased and downstream pressures are decreased, as well as blood flow is decreased

Question 52

When there are a lot of Parallel Vessels, changing the resistance of a small number of these vessels will have?

Answer 52

A minimal effect of Total Resistance

Question 53

Blood viscosity changes depending on?

Answer 53

Tubing dimensions and hematocrit

Question 54

Flow and Viscosity are?

Answer 54

Inversely related

Question 55

If you decrease viscosity?

Answer 55

Increase flow (lower resistance to flow)

Question 56

If you decrease hematocrit?

Answer 56

Increase flow (can flow faster and in center of vessel)