Exam 1

Question 1

Arterioles?

Answer 1

Resistance vessels regulated by smooth muscle (respond to tissue demand, neurogenic, flow and pressure, hormones/drugs

Question 2

Contraction?

Answer 2

-I-Band decreases
-H-Band decreases
-Myosin moves Z-Disk
-Actin moves M-Line

Question 3

Relaxation?

Answer 3

-I-Band
-H-Band
-Myosin moves M-Line
-Actin moves Z-Disk

Question 4

A-Band?

Answer 4

Length of myosin

Question 5

Skeletal Muscle?

Answer 5

Striated, voluntary muscle

Question 6

Smooth Muscle?

Answer 6

Involuntary muscle (no troponin, no sarcomeres, no Z-Lines

Question 7

Cardiac Output?

Answer 7

Volume of Blood being pumped per unit time
(CO = SV X HR)

Question 8

Arterial Blood Pressure based on?

Answer 8

-Cardiac Output
-Peripheral Resistance

Question 9

Windkissel Effect?

Answer 9

1) Decrease Heart Workload
2) Reduce BP fluctuations (increased dampening)
3) Increased constant blood flow

Question 10

Mean Blood Pressure?

Answer 10

Average pressure during cardiac cycle
(Pa = Pd + 0.33(Ps - Pd)

Question 11

Blood Vessels have?

Answer 11

Elastic Tissue (allows for passive expansion)

Question 12

Systole?

Answer 12

Heart contracts to pump out blood (highest arterial pressure measured during cycle)

Question 13

Diastole?

Answer 13

Heart relaxation after contraction (lowest arterial pressure)

Question 14

Vascular Tone + Stenosis?

Answer 14

Constriction of Blood Vessels (based on extrinsic factors (systemic resistance) and intrinsic factors (local blood flow regulation))

Question 15

Pulmonary Arteries?

Answer 15

(Heart to Lungs)
Increased CO2, Decreased O2

Question 16

Pulmonary Veins?

Answer 16

(Lungs to Heart)
Decreased CO2, Increased O2

Question 17

Increased CO2?

Answer 17

Capillaries to Heart

Question 18

Increased O2?

Answer 18

Heart to Capillaries

Question 19

Majority of Blood Volume?

Answer 19

Veins

Question 20

Main Regulation of Blood Pressure?

Answer 20

Arterioles

Question 21

Resistance is determined by?

Answer 21

Tube radius and viscosity

Question 22

Blood Flow mainly regulated by?

Answer 22

Vessel Radius

Question 23

Venous Returns (5)?

Answer 23

1) Pressure Gradient
2) Skeletal Muscle Pump
3) Respiratory Pump
4) Sympathetic Vasoconstriction
5) Cardiac Suction