Exam 1 Flashcards
Arterioles?
Resistance vessels regulated by smooth muscle (respond to tissue demand, neurogenic, flow and pressure, hormones/drugs
Contraction?
-I-Band decreases
-H-Band decreases
-Myosin moves Z-Disk
-Actin moves M-Line
Relaxation?
-I-Band
-H-Band
-Myosin moves M-Line
-Actin moves Z-Disk
A-Band?
Length of myosin
Skeletal Muscle?
Striated, voluntary muscle
Smooth Muscle?
Involuntary muscle (no troponin, no sarcomeres, no Z-Lines
Cardiac Output?
Volume of Blood being pumped per unit time
(CO = SV X HR)
Arterial Blood Pressure based on?
-Cardiac Output
-Peripheral Resistance
Windkissel Effect?
1) Decrease Heart Workload
2) Reduce BP fluctuations (increased dampening)
3) Increased constant blood flow
Mean Blood Pressure?
Average pressure during cardiac cycle
(Pa = Pd + 0.33(Ps - Pd)
Blood Vessels have?
Elastic Tissue (allows for passive expansion)
Systole?
Heart contracts to pump out blood (highest arterial pressure measured during cycle)
Diastole?
Heart relaxation after contraction (lowest arterial pressure)
Vascular Tone + Stenosis?
Constriction of Blood Vessels (based on extrinsic factors (systemic resistance) and intrinsic factors (local blood flow regulation))
Pulmonary Arteries?
(Heart to Lungs)
Increased CO2, Decreased O2
Pulmonary Veins?
(Lungs to Heart)
Decreased CO2, Increased O2
Increased CO2?
Capillaries to Heart
Increased O2?
Heart to Capillaries
Majority of Blood Volume?
Veins
Main Regulation of Blood Pressure?
Arterioles
Resistance is determined by?
Tube radius and viscosity
Blood Flow mainly regulated by?
Vessel Radius
Venous Returns (5)?
1) Pressure Gradient
2) Skeletal Muscle Pump
3) Respiratory Pump
4) Sympathetic Vasoconstriction
5) Cardiac Suction
