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Anatomy > Lecture 1: Review of Basic Embryology > Flashcards

Lecture 1: Review of Basic Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Endoderm becomes the lining of ____

A

The digestive system

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2
Q

Dorsal Hollow nerve tube becomes…

A

the nervous system (brain and spinal cord)

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3
Q

Epidermal ectoderm becomes…

A

parts of the epidermis (skin)

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4
Q

somites becomes…

A

scleratome, myotome, dermatome

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5
Q

Intermediate mesoderm becomes the…

A

urogenital system

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6
Q

nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc is derived from….

A

the notochord

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7
Q

All components of the circulatory system comes from what germ layer?

A

it is mesodermally derived

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8
Q
  • draw transverse cross section of human embryo and adult *
A

https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/images/thumb/f/f3/Rugh_101.jpg/300px-Rugh_101.jpg

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9
Q

Abdomen and thorax are separated by …

A

the diaphragm

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10
Q

although the thorax and pelvic region are not separated by a defined portion, it is estimated by the

A

brim of the illeum

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11
Q

what is the diaphragm derived from?

A

cervical hypaxial musculature

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12
Q

What is the diaphragm innervated by?

A

the left and right phrenic nerves

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13
Q

What levels is the diaphragm innervated by?

A

C3,4, and 5 (keep the diaphragm alive)

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14
Q

Parietal Peritoneum is ______ derived and coats the internal surfaces of the ______ _____

A

Parietal Peritoneum is __mesodermally____ derived and coats the internal surfaces of the ___body___ ___wall__

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15
Q

Visceral Peritoneum is ______ derived and coats the _____ _____

A

Visceral Peritoneum is ___mesodermally___ derived and coats the __internal___ ___organs__

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16
Q

Mesentary is a __-Layer of _____ derived material that connects to ____ or _____ midline to suspend ___ internally

A

Mesentary is a Bi-Layer of __mesodermally___ derived material that connects to __dorsal__ or __ventral___ midline to suspend __gut_ internally

17
Q

Parietal Pleura is…

A

the serial homolog of parietal peritoneum in the thorax

18
Q

Visceral Pleura is…

A

the serial homolog of visceral peritoneum in the thorax

19
Q

What are the components of the neck and thorax (components of the respiratory system)

A
  • lungs
  • bronchii
  • Trachea
  • Pharynx
  • Nasal Pharynx
  • Oral Pharynx
  • Common Pharynx
20
Q

What are the components of the embryonic foregut?

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A
  • Esophagus
  • stomach
  • doudendum (first bend of small intestine)
  • liver
  • gallbladder
  • pancreas
21
Q

Foregut receives sympathetic innervation by the _______ of the levels T_-T_ and synapses on _____

A

Foregut receives sympathetic innervation by the ___Greater splanchnic nerve____ of the levels T5-T9 and synapses on _celiac ganglion____

22
Q

Foregut receives parasympathetic innervation by…

A

The Vagus Nerve (X)

23
Q

The foregut receives arterial supply by…

A

The celiac artery and it’s branches

24
Q

The foregut gets venuous drainage by…

A

the Splenic Vein and its tributaries

25
Q

What are the components of the embryonic Midgut?

Jump! Its A Trap

A
  • jejunum and ileum of small intestine
  • appendix
  • ascending colon
  • transverse colon (up to LEFT COLIC FLEXURE)
26
Q

Midgut receives sympathetic innervation by the _______ of the levels T_-T_ and synapses on _____

A

midgut receives sympathetic innervation by the __lesser splanchnic nerve__ of the levels T10-T11 and synapses on __superior mesenteric ganglion___

27
Q

Midgut recieves parasympathetic innervation by…

A

The Vagus Nerve (X)

28
Q

The midgut receives arterial supply by…

A

Superior mesenteric artery and its branches

29
Q

The midgut gets venous drainage done by…

A

the superior mesenteric vein and its tributaries

30
Q

What are the components of the embryonic Hindgut?

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A
  • descending colon
  • sigmoid colon
  • (through to Rectum)
31
Q

Hindgut receives sympathetic innervation by the _______ of the levels T_-L_and synapses on _____

A

Hindgut receives sympathetic innervation by the ___Lesser and least splanchnic nerves & Lumbar splanchnics____ of the levels T10-L2and synapses on ___inferior mesenteric ganglion __

32
Q

Hindgut recieves parasympathetic innervation by…

-on what levels?

A

Sacral (caudal) outflow

-S2-S4

33
Q

The hindgut receives arterial supply by…

A

inferior mesenteric artery and its branches

34
Q

The hindgut gets venous drainage by..

A

inferior mesenteric vein and its tributaries

35
Q

Most of the internal organs are surrounded by visceral peritoneum. These are _____ relative to the coelom. This is the _____ condition

A

Most of the internal organs are surrounded by visceral peritoneum. These are ___inside__ relative to the coelom. This is the __intraperitoneal___ condition

36
Q

Some organs are between the peritoneum on one surface and the body wall on the other side. _____ relative to the coelom. This is the _____ condition. What is an example of this?

A

Some organs are between the peritoneum on one surface and the body wall on the other side. __Outside___ relative to the coelom. This is the __retroperitoneal___ condition. For example: kidneys

37
Q

What are the structures in the pelvis?

A
  • end of digestive system
  • Female Reproductive organs
  • Bladder
  • Ducts to and existing from bladder
38
Q

What structures are retroperitoneal? in other words, which structures are behind the parietal peritoneum (against body wall “anchored”)
–> mnemonic: SAD PUCKER

A 
S: suprarenal cadrenal glands
A: aorta
D: Duodendum (except duodenal cap)
P: pancreas
U: Ureters 
C: colon (ascending and descending)
K: kidneys
E: esophagus 
R: rectum

Anatomy (6 decks)

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