Lecture 1 - PID Intro

Question 1

Defense against disease?

Answer 1

Immune system

Question 2

Three causes of infectious disease?

Answer 2

Bacteria, viruses, and parasites

Question 3

Epidemiology

Answer 3

How disease spread

Question 4

Bacteria that live in extreme conditions

Answer 4

Extremophiles

Question 5

Free-living bacteria

Answer 5

No importance for animals or dieases

Question 6

Non-pathogenic

Answer 6

Doesn’t cause disease

Question 7

Two categories of pathogenic bacteria

Answer 7

Facultative pathogenic

Obligate pathogenic

Question 8

Two categories of facultative pathogenic

Answer 8

Endogenic infection

Exogenic infection

Question 9

Endogenic infection

Answer 9

Comes from bacteria within

Question 10

Exogenic infection

Answer 10

Comes from an outside source

Question 11

Balanced pathogenicity

Answer 11

Will recover eventually without treatment

Question 12

Unbalanced pathogenicity

Answer 12

Will die without treatment

Question 13

Infection

Answer 13

Invasion and multiplication of a microorganism, eventually with disease

Question 14

Disease

Answer 14

Creates structural and functional damage

Question 15

Subclinical

Answer 15

Causing minimal damage - treatment not given

Question 16

Opportunistic

Answer 16

Causes disease in certain conditions

Question 17

Septicaemiae/bacteraemia

Answer 17

Travels through blood

Question 18

Four “quickness” of disease

Answer 18

Hyperacute
Acute
Subacute
Chronic

Question 19

Facultative pathogen in pigs

Answer 19

E. coli
Carried in intestines
Lack F4 receptors - now trying to breed animals without this so they won’t sick

Question 20

E. coli in chickens

Answer 20

Carry it in intestines

Won’t get sick until certain conditions (stress, lowered immunity, other diseases)

Question 21

Staphylococcus aureus in human population

Answer 21

33-33-33

permanent colonized-intermittent colonized-never colonized

Question 22

Diseases caused by S. aureus

Answer 22

mastitis, skin infection, septicaemiae

Question 23

Three kingdoms

Answer 23

Bacteria (Prokaryotes), Archae (Prokaryotes), Eukaryotes

Question 24

5 subcategories in Eukaryotes

Answer 24

Protozoa
Plantae
Animalia
Chromista (Mycology)
Fungi (Mycology)

Question 25

Bacteria vs Eukaryotes

Size

Answer 25

B: less than 5um
E: more than 10um

Question 26

Bacteria vs Eukaryotes

Membrane-bound organelles

Answer 26

B: absent (uses invaginations of plasma membranes)
E: mitochondria and chloroplasts

Question 27

Bacteria vs Eukaryotes

Nucleic acid

Answer 27

B: Single circular molecule
E: Chromosomes

Question 28

Bacteria vs Eukaryotes

Nuclear membrane

Answer 28

B: Absent
E: Present

Question 29

Bacteria vs Eukaryotes

Replication

Answer 29

B: Binary fission
E: Mitosis

Question 30

Which was first, bacteria or viruses?

Answer 30

Bacteria - viruses need bacteria to reproduce

Question 31

What interactions are always structural?

Answer 31

Protein-protein

Question 32

People who received antibiotics earlier life have different flora and tend to be

Answer 32

more obese

Question 33

Facultative pathogenic

Answer 33

Only get sick under certain circumstances

Question 34

Obligate pathogenic

Answer 34

always get it from someone else. May be non-pathogenic from birds, but is spread from birds to bovines which can die within six hours (ex)