Lecture 1 Olympics

Question 1

Which route enable drug absorption more rapidly than the subcut route?

Answer 1

IV route
IM route
Inhalation/Sublingual

Question 2

You are about to give the prescribed drugs to a patient in your care. When you approach the patient with the drugs, the patient refuses to take one of the drugs. What is your best action

Answer 2

Notify the charge nurse or health care provider

Question 3

When teaching a patient about a new drug that has been prescribed, the patient asks you to explain the difference between a side effect and an adverse reaction. What is your best response?

Answer 3

Side effects are mild, and adverse effects are severe

Question 4

Which drugs cause birth defects?

Answer 4

Teratogens

Question 5

A nurse is giving an enteral medication. The patient asks why this method is preferable for this drug. How will the nurse reply?

Answer 5

“this route is safer, less expensive, and more convenient”

Question 6

When would it be appropriate to withhold a drug instead of giving it to a patient?

Answer 6

When any part of the drug order is unclear

Question 7

Which factors in a patient would influence GI absorption of medications?

Answer 7

-Stomach pH
-Blood flow to gastric mucosa

Question 8

The nurse is reviewing a list of verbal medication orders. Which is the proper notation of the dose of the drug ordered?

Answer 8

Levothyroxine 0.75 mg

Question 9

Which statement is true about over the counter drugs ?

Answer 9

They are sold without prescription

Question 10

The nurse recognizes that which factors would contribute to digoxin toxicity in a 92-year-old patient ?

Answer 10

-Prolonged half of the drug digoxin
-Impaired renal function

Question 11

You are caring for a patient with liver failure who will be starting on an anticoagulant for the treatment of a deep vein thrombosis. What effect of this drug should you expect ?

Answer 11

The effect of the anticoagulant will be prolonged and pose a risk for bleeding

Question 12

You have given the antibiotic penicillin as prescribed to a patient with no reported drug allergies. Thirty minutes after receiving the drug, the patient notifies you that they have developed hives and swelling of the lips. What is your best first action?

Answer 12

Report the findings to the RN or healthcare provider and remain with the patient

Question 13

What would the FDA do to expedite drug development and approval for an outbreak of smallpox, for which there is no known treatment?

Answer 13

Fast track the investigational drug

Question 14

Which medication route provides the most rapid onset of a medication, but also poses the greatest risk of adverse effects?

Answer 14

Intravenous (IV)

Question 15

Which drug route would you expect to be most rapidly absorbed?

Answer 15

Intravenous injection

Question 16

You give a patient 400 mg of an oral drug at noon. This drug has a half-life of 2 h. At what time will 100 mg remain?

Answer 16

4:00 pm

Question 17

Prior to the administration of a nephrotoxic drug, the nurse determines that the kidney lab data are within normal range. Which step of the nursing process is being used?

Answer 17

Assessment

Question 18

The nurse assesses which blood level to determine the amount of circulating medication in a patient ?

Answer 18

drug

Question 19

When given a scheduled morning medication, the patient states, “I haven’t seen that pill before. Are you sure it’s correct?” The nurse checks the medication administration record and verifies that it is listed. Which is the nurse’s best response?

Answer 19

“Let me check on the order first before you take it”

Question 20

What statements about variables that influence drug action is true?

Answer 20

-Body weight can affect the therapeutic response of a medication.
-Chronic smokers may metabolize drugs more rapidly than nonsmokers.
-A patient’s attitude and expectations affect the response to medication.

Question 21

What is the name under which a drug is listed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?

Answer 21

Official

Question 22

Which of the following nursing actions is an example of evaluating patient responses to drug therapy?

Answer 22

Taking the temperature of a patient an hour after giving an antipyretic

Question 23

When reviewing pediatric medication administration, the nurse recognizes that which type of medication error is most common with children?

Answer 23

Dosing errors

Question 24

A nurse is preparing to administer medications. Which patient would the nurse consider to have the greatest predisposition to an adverse reaction?

Answer 24

A 30 yr old man with kidney disease

Question 25

Which is always true regarding the generic name for a drug ?

Answer 25

It is the same in any country

Question 26

A patient is given a prescription for azithromycin and asks the nurse why the dose on the first day is twice the amount of the dose on the next 4 days. Which reply by the nurse is correct?

Answer 26

“A large initial dose helps to get the drug to optimal levels in the body faster”

Question 27

The nurse is reviewing medication errors. Which situation is an example of a medication error?

Answer 27

A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half

Question 28

A patient has been receiving intravenous penicillin for pneumonia for several days and begins to complain of generalized itching. The nurse auscultates bilateral wheezing and notes a temp of 38.5C (101F). Which is the correct action by the nurse?

Answer 28

Hold the next dose and notify the prescriber of the symptoms

Question 29

What is the primary purpose of the nursing assessment ?

Answer 29

Exploring patient responses to health problems

Question 30

A nurse is administering an antibiotic intravenously. Which blood level determines the lowest amount of medication present in the patient ?

Answer 30

Trough

Question 31

A drug dose that delivers 800 mg has a half life of 5 hrs. Identify how much drug will remain in the body after one half life.

Answer 31

400 mg

Question 32

The medication order reads “ Give ondansetron 4 mg, 30 minutes before beginning chemotherapy to prevent nausea” The nurse notes that the route is missing from the order. What is the nurse’s best action?

Answer 32

Contact the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered.

Question 33

A patient who is beginning a new cholesterol-lowering drug tells you he plans to take this drug in the evening with his usual glass of grapefruit juice. What your best response?

Answer 33

“Taking grapefruit juice can reduce the effectiveness of the drug”

Question 34

The nurse is performing an assessment of a newly admitted patient. Which is an example of subjective data?

Answer 34

The patient reports that he uses the herbal product ginkgo.

Question 35

The nurse administers 50 mg of a drug at 6:00 AM that has a half life of 8 hours. What time will it be when 25 mg of the drug has been eliminated from the body?

Answer 35

2:00 PM

Question 36

Which of the following routes are sites of excretion of drug metabolites from the body?

Answer 36

Feces
Urine
Breast Milk

Question 37

The patient is to receive oral guaifenesin twice a day. Today, the nurse was busy and gave the medication 2 hours after the scheduled dose was due. What time of problem does this represent?

Answer 37

“Right Time”

Question 38

What is the nurse’s primary source of information when obtaining a patient history?

Answer 38

The patient

Question 39

The nursing assessment identifies that the client is nauseated and cannot take acetaminophen orally. Which is true regarding the substitution of this medication to suppository form?

Answer 39

It is contraindicated without an order from the health care provider.

Question 40

The nurse has determined that the pain medication given to a patient an hour ago has been effective. The nurse is using which step of the nursing process?

Answer 40

Evaluation

Question 41

Meperidine is a narcotic with a high potential for physical and psychological dependency. Under which classification does this drug fall?

Answer 41

II

Question 42

The patient is stating that he has a headache and asks the nurse which over-the-counter medication form would work the fastest to help reduce the pain. Which medication form form will the nurse suggest?

Answer 42

A powder

Question 43

A patient who has advanced cancer is receiving opioid medications around the clock to keep him comfortable as he nears the end of his life. Which term best describes this type of therapy?

Answer 43

Palliative therapy