lecture 1(Introduction to Pharmacology) Flashcards
enteral drugs can be (1-2-3)
oral / rectal / sublingual (ORS)
morphine’s origin ?
opium puppy
most common oral drug form is
syrup
adv of oral drugs is
cheep / easy / no discomfort(capsule)
to enhance defecation of
patients who suffer from diarrhea we use which way ?
enema - rectal
paracetamol and acetaminophen is a _______ name
+what are their other names (chemical/scientific/trade)
generic/scientific name
chemical : n-acetyl-p-aminophenol
Trade name : Panadol,
Tylenol and pandarin
Pharmacokinetic has four branches what are they ?
(ADME):
- Absorption
- Distribution
- Metabolism
- Elimination
syrup forms :
suspension or elixir
oral drugs one if its advantages is variable bioavailability (true/false )
false
disadvantage
we can decrease the bioavailability by
a - increase absorption - low metabolism
b - decrease absorption -high metabolism
B
rectal drugs adv/disadv : [3:1]
+ = cheep - good for (unconscious patients +patients who suffer
from vomiting.)
- = variable bioavailability
sublingual drugs is commonly used for ______ disease :
one of this disease symptoms is :
ischemic heart disease
when they take the stairs and they start to have a chest pain
difference b/w parenteral & enteral drugs :
parenteral :directly into the systemic circulation’’ with injection (no GIT involve)
Enteral route : (means anything connected with the GI tract)
which injection’s very common in diagnosing tuberculosis PPD Test ?
intradermal (below epidermal)
angle ____part of skin to inject :
90-45-25-15
90°- Vertical ⤍ IM 45° ⤍ SC tissue
25°⤍ IV 10°-15° ⤍ ID
what’s the perfect drug choice for unconscious patients?
parenteral
which way have 100% bioavailability ?
parenteral
someone suffers from anaphylactic shock we use which way to give him the medication ? and why ?
parenteral way
because of the rapid effect we dont have much time for slow result
Forms of the parenteral drugs ?
which one is one time use ?
vials & ampules
ampules
target \_\_ the route for administration? eye \_\_\_ trachea and lungs \_\_ skin \_\_\_ mucosa \_\_\_
ocular
inhalation
transdermal patches
topical
what happens when asthma patient uses corticosteroid drug ?
these corticosteroids should go to the trachea but from the way from
the mouth until they go to trachea some of these corticosteroids may precipitate in the floor of the mouth.(this can make fungal infection)
an asthma patient came to hospital and the result shows that there’s fungal infection on the floor of his mouth .. what the drug he might take before?
corticosteroid drug
before anal involved surgery to clean this area what we use ?
anema -( rectal - enteral route )
Sublingual adv/disadv [2:2]
+ ~ no first pass / fast onset of action because no need for time for
absorption or metabolism.
- ~- Bitter taste - Contraindicated in
unconscious patients.
parenteral adv/disadv [3:3]
+ ~ - perfect and the drug of choice in
unconscious patients
-100% bioavailability
-rapid effect
-~pain/risk of infection/nurse to
help you in administering the
drug so that will add to the
expense of this medication
