Lecture 1: Introduction to BD

Question 1

Statistically Unusual Behavior

Answer 1

behavior could be called “abnormal” if it is rare

Note:However…depression, drug use, anxiety are not statistically unusual
Positive rare behaviors would also fit this category

Question 2

Socially Unacceptable Behavior

Answer 2

behavior could be called “abnormal” if it goes against social norms

Question 3

dysfunctional behaviors

Answer 3

behavior coul be called “abnormal” if it affects ones ability to function.

Question 4

personally distressing behavior

Answer 4

behavior could be called “abnormal” if it causes someone to be distressed

Question 5

What are the 4 Ds that are used to define normality vs disease?

Answer 5

Deviance - different, extreme, or unusual from social norms
Distress - behavior is considered unpleasant and unsettling to patient.
Dysfunction - behaviors interferes with DAILY life
Danger - poses the risk of harm to self or others.

Question 6

What are the mental health professionals?

Answer 6

PhD (Psychologist)
PsyD (Psychologist)
MD/DO (Psychiatrist)
Masters (Social Worker, Counselor, Nurse, PA, NP)
Others (Spiritual advisors, life coaches, etc)

Question 7

what is the difference between Ph.Ds and Psy. Ds?

Answer 7

Ph. Ds - clinical, counseling and research
Psy. Ds - clinical or counseling but is also meant to be closer to a medical doctor. little. or no prescribing.

Question 8

How many adults in the US develop mental illness in their lifetime?

Answer 8

50%+

Question 9

how many US adults experience serious mental illnesses that limit 1+ major life activities?

Answer 9

1 in 20

Question 10

About how many youth aged 13-18 will experience a serious mental illness at some point?

Answer 10

1 in 5

Question 11

How many people with mental illness did NOT receive mental health services in the past year?

Answer 11

60% adults
50% youth

Question 12

What is more prevalent, mood disorders or anxiety disorders?

Answer 12

Anxiety disorders

Question 13

Why is mental health a concern of the WHO?

Answer 13

Accounts for more disability in developed countries than any other group of illnesses.

It has been associated with:
Increased occurrence of chronic disease
Decreased use of medical care
Reduced adherence
Higher risks of adverse outcomes
Increased incidence of tobacco and alcohol use

Question 14

What is the DSM?

Answer 14

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Question 15

Why do we use the DSM?

Answer 15

It helps determine a diagnosis + communicate it.

It standardizes, guides therapy, and allows for statistical analysis.

Question 16

What DSM are we on?

Answer 16

DSM-V-TR (2022).

Question 17

what was a big update made to the new DSM-V-TR?

Answer 17

added “prolonged grief disorder”

Question 18

What are some critcisms of the DSM-V-TR?

Answer 18

“Concern over diagnosis being based too much around social norms and cultural biases”

Strong ties to pharmaceutical companies

Med-first approach instead of considering evaluating social and familial circumstances.

Too subjective (not having enough scientific bias)

Question 19

What are some big differences between a psych eval and a med eval?

Answer 19

standard med evals are OBJECTIVE, WITH external validation, and high diagnostic reliability

standard psych evals are more SUBJECTIVE, withOUT external validation, and have LOW diagnostic reliability

Question 20

What is included in the Psych mental status exam

Answer 20

systematic review of patients cognitive and emotional functioning
speech
mood and affect
orientation
thought process and content
associations, insight, judgement

Question 21

What is insight-oriented interviewing?

Answer 21

An approach to psychiatric patients.

Consists of learning more about the patient beyond the standard objective information. aka learning what lies beneath objective data