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Microbiology > Lecture 1 Importance Of Microbiology > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Importance Of Microbiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The study of small living things
called microorganisms?

A

Microbiology

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2
Q

Microbiology derived from three Greek words:

A

Micros - study
Bios - life
Logus - study

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3
Q

Too small cannot be seen by the naked eye?

A

Microbiology

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4
Q

Its broadest meaning is the science which deals
which the study of all kinds of microorganisms

A

Microbiology

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5
Q

Examples of microorganisms?

A

True bacteria, Mycoplasma, Archaea,
Microscopic Fungi (Yeasts and Molds), Protozoa,
Microscopic Algae, Virus, Viroids, Prions and
Microscopic Worms (eg. Nematodes)

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6
Q

Usually applied to pathogenic forms of any
microorganism but especially to disease producing
bacteria?

A

Microbe and Germ

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7
Q

Synonymous with bacterial
infection?

A

Microbe and Germ

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8
Q

Single celled (unicellular), prokaryotic
microscopic organisms

A

BACTERIA/
Eubacteria (True Bacteria)

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9
Q

Basic shapes of Bacterial Cell

A

Cocci-Spherical
Bacilli-Ros-shape
Spirillium-Spiral

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10
Q

Arrangememts of Cocci

A

Coccus
Diplococci
Staphylococci
Streptococci
Sarcina
Tetrad

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11
Q

Shape of Bacillus subtilis

A

Rod- shape

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12
Q

Shape of Escherichia coli

A

Rod-shape

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13
Q

Shape of Streptococcus aures

A

Spherical

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14
Q

Shape of Leptospira enterrogans

A

Spiral- spirillum

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15
Q

Are also single celled (unicellular)
prokaryotic microorganisms but live in
extreme/harsh environments

A

Archaea/
Archaeobacteria

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16
Q

Extreme/harsh environments ( are also called?

A

Extremophiles

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17
Q

Methane gas producing bacteria?

A

Methanobacterium

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18
Q

Examples of eubacteria (true bacteria)?

A

B. subtilis
E. coli
S. aures
L. enterrogans

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19
Q

Examples of Archea/ Archeobacteria?

A

Methanobacterium
And Halobacterium

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20
Q

Eukaryotic, unicellular, microscopic microorganisms

A

Protozoa

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21
Q

Examples of Protozoa?

A

Amoeba
Paramecium
Trypanosoma

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22
Q

• Eukaryotic
• unicellular, colonial or multicellular

A

Microscopic Algae

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23
Q

Example of microscopic algae?

A

Navicula(diatoms)- unicellular
Volvox- unicellular but colonial
Spirogyra - multicellular

24
Q

It belongs to microscopic fungi, eukaryotic
and unicellular?

A

Yeast

25
Q

–Eukaryotic but multicellular microscopic fungi.

A

Molds

26
Q

Sexual spore of molds?

A

Zygospre

27
Q

Asexual spore of molds?

A

Sporangium with sporangiospore

28
Q

Species of yeast that has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times.

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

29
Q

Parts of molds such as Rhizopus?

A

Sporangium with sporangiospore
Germinating spore
Stolon
Rhizoids
Zygospore

30
Q

feathery filaments that make up multicellular fungi.

A

Hyphae

31
Q

spores are formed by the fusion of two haploid nuclei and result in gametangia. The gametangia produce a zygote and later the zygote forms the ________

A

Zygospore

32
Q

• Noncellular/acellular
• Ultramicroscopic
• obligate parasites

A

Viruses,
Viroids and
Prions

33
Q

Contain nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA (but not both), and a protein coat, which encases the nucleic acid.

A

Viruses

34
Q

Contains single stranded RNA/composed entirely of RNA?

A

Viroids

35
Q

• Noncellular/acellular
• obligate parasite

And it contains a modified protein (PrPSc).

A

Prions

36
Q

Units used in microscopic
measurement?

A

Micrometer and Nanometer

37
Q

Units used in microscopic
measurement used for molds, yeasts, true bacteria

A

Micrometer

38
Q

Units used in microscopic
measurement used foro smaller bacteria,
phytoplasma, viruses and viroids.

A

Nanometer

39
Q

Causal organism of Bubonic Plague
Black Plague/Black Death in Europe

A

Caused by bacteria
Yersenia pestis.

40
Q

Casual organism of smallpox

A

Caused two airborne virus variants, (Variola
major) and (Variola minor).

41
Q

Casual organism of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

A

Caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

42
Q

Causal organism of hepatitis B?

A

Caused by Hepatitis B virus

43
Q

Causal organism of Ebola virus disease

A

Ebola virus

44
Q

Causal organism of SARS-COV-2 ( COVID- 19)

A

SARS-COV-2 ( COVID- 19) virus

45
Q

Symptoms of covid-19

A

• Fever
• Dry cough
• Tiredness
• Loss of smell and taste
• Sore throat
• Diarrhea in some
• Pneumonia

46
Q

Beneficial microbes in medicine (molds)

A

Penicillium spp. and Cephalosporium
and actinomycetes

47
Q

Beneficial microbes
in agriculture

A

• Nitrogen fixing bacteria
Rhizobium
• Microbial antagonists of plant
pathogens- eg. Trichoderma
spp., Bacillus subtilis, etc.
• Rumen microorganisms
• Mycorrhiza

48
Q

Beneficial microbes
in the environment

A

–eg.Decompose organic waste, bioremediation

49
Q

Beneficial microbes in food
and industry

A

• Yeasts used in the
leavening of bread
• Lactobacillus spp. in
yoghurt and yakult
• Yeast in alcohol production
• M.o. and biofuels

50
Q

Examples of Microorganisms in biotechnology
and genetic engineering

A

Bt.Corn
production

51
Q

Who discovered that Bacteria as the source of
gene/genome editing system CRISPR-
CAS9

A

German scientist
-Emmanuelle Charpentier and
American scientist-Jennifer Doudna)-
current Nobel prize awardee

52
Q

Father of Microbiology

A

Louis Pasteur

53
Q

Study of Fungi?

A

Mycology

54
Q

Study of algae?

A

Phycology

55
Q

Types of viruses and organic molecules

A

Viruses:

1.Mimivirus
2.Herpes simplex
3.Rabies
4.HIV
5.Influenza
6.Adenovirus
7.T2 bacteriophage
8.Poliomyelitis
9.Yellow fever

Organic molecules
10.Hemoglobin molecules

Microbiology (8 decks)

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