Lecture 1: Ch 1 Flashcards
research
systematic inquiry that validates and refines existing knowledge, and developing new ones
nursing research
scientific process that validates and refines existing knowledge regarding nursing practice
what is EBP?
clinical nursing practice that promotes quality, safe, and cost-effective outcomes
what is the goal of AACN regarding nursing research?
ensure effective research enterprise
how is an effective research enterprise secured?
1) create research culture
2) provide educational programs to prepare a workforce of nurse scientists
3) develop sound research infrastructure
4) obtain sufficient funding
with who did nursing research evolve?
Florence Nightingale (19th century)
characteristics of empirical knowledge
data-driven and objective
characteristics of quantitative research
uses large numbers, surveys, data, questionnaires, and positivism
deductive reasoning
closed questions
tests theories
positivist philosohpy
all genuine knowledge is true by definition
characteristics of qualitative research
use of words, small sample, focus groups, in-depth analysis
open-ended questions
develops theory
inductive reasoning
what is Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)?
an initiative focused on developing the requisite statements for each of the competencies for prelicensure and graduate education
(i.e. EBP competency)
what is the Joint Commission’s contribution to Nursing Research?
revised policies to support evidence-based care
how is knowledge defined?
essential information that is acquired in a variety of ways
it is expected to be an accurate reflection of reality that is used to direct a person’s action
people act on what they know
inductive reasoning
reasoning that moves from a specific knowledge to the general theory
(induces new theories that stem from specific scenarios)
deductive reasoning
formation of a general theory to a particular situation or conclusion
(deduction to specifics)
example of inductive reasoning
a patient starts having dyspnea after administering narcotics –> narcotics cause respiratory depression
example of deductive reasoning
knowing that narcotics cause respiratory depression –> a patient will have that side effect when they take it
types of qualitative research
1) phenomenological research
2) grounded theory
3) ethnographic research
4) exploratory-descriptive research
5) historical research
phenomenological research
an inductive research approach used to describe an experience as it is lived by an individual
(i.e. lived experience of chronic pain)
grounded theory
an inductive research technique used to formulate, test, and refine a theory about a particular phenomenon
ethnographic research
investigates cultures through an in-depth study of the members of that culture
what is the role of BSN nurses in research?
they critique studies, conduct EBP with guidance, and assist in research
what are the goals of conducting research?
devise a description of the problem, explanation of its cause, prediction of its patterns, and a control that draws the outcome
what are the strategies for synthesizing research?
1) systematic review
2) meta-analysis
3) meta-synthesis
4) mixed-methods
systematic review
identify, select, critically appraise, and synthesize research evidence
meta-analysis
determines the effect of an intervention by pooling the results from several previous studies using statistical analysis
meta-synthesis
compilation and integration of qualitative studies
mixed-methods
synthesis of findings form independent studies conducted with a variety of methods
acquiring knowledge in nursing involves:
1) traditions
2) authority
3) borrowing
4) trial and error
5) personal experience
6) role modeling
7) intuition
8) reasoning
traditions
(acquiring knowledge)
nursing units are frequently organized according to set rules or traditions
authority
(acquiring knowledge)
nurses who publish articles and books or develop theories are regarded with authority
borrowing
(acquiring knowledge)
part of nursing knowledge has been borrowed from other healthcare disciplines
trial and error
(acquiring knowledge)
an approach with unknown outcomes, used in situations of uncertainty
personal experience
(acquiring knowledge)
gaining knowledge by being personally involved in an event
role modeling
(acquiring knowledge)
learning by imitating the behaviors of an expert
define intuition
having insight or understanding of a situation as a whole without having any logical explanation
define reasoning
the process and organization of ideas to reach conclusions
it is recognized that more evidence is needed for making changes in practice
elements of inductive reasoning
information, pattern, tentative hypothesis, theory
elements of deductive reasoning
theory, hypothesis, observation, confirmation
