Lecture 1 - Atoms, Molecules, Cells Flashcards
What are the 3 types of muscle
Skeletal - Attached through other structures to bone or skin
Under voluntary control
Cardiac - Only found in the heart – specialised to pump blood
“involuntary” control
Smooth -
What is nervous tissue
A collection of neurons
What is a nerve
Neurons packaged together with connective tissue
What are the two sides of a cell
Apical and basolateral
What are the shapes of cells
Cuboidal (cube like)
Columnar (elongated)
Squamous (flattened)
Ciliated (specialised function)
What are the types of connective tissue
1) Loose Connective (e.g., meshwork of cells and fibers underlying tissues)
2) Dense Connective (e.g., rigid tissue making up ligaments and tendons)
3) Bone and Cartilage
4) Adipose
5) Blood
What is the function of the extracellular matrix
(1) It provides a scaffold for cellular attachments
(2) it transmits information to cells to regulate activity
(e.g., migration, growth, and differentiation).
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the circulatory system
O - Heart, Blood vessels, Blood
F - Transport of blood throughout the body
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the Digestive system
O - Mouth, Salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, anus, pancreas, liver, gall bladder
F - Digestion and absorption of nutrients and water elimination of waste
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the endocrine system
O - All secreting glands or organs
F - Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body including growth, metabolism, reproduction, blood pressure, water and electrolyte balance etc…..
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the immune system
O - White blood cells, spleen, thymus
F - Defence against pathogens
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the integumentary system
O - Skin
F - Protection against injury and dehydration, defence against pathogens; regulation of body temperatures
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the lymphatic system
O - Lymph vessels, Lymph Nodes
F - Collect extracellular fluid for return to circulation; participate in immune defences
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the musculoskeletal system
O - Cartilage, bone, ligaments, tendons, joints, skeletal muscle
F - Support, protection and movement of the body; production of blood cells
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the nervous system
O - Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and ganglia, sense organs
F - Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body, detection of and response to changes in the internal and external environments; states of consciousness, learning memory; emotion; others
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the reproductive system
O - Male - testes, penis, and associated ducts and glands
Female - ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands
F - Male - production of sperm; transfer of sperm to Female
Female - production of eggs, provision of a nutritive environment for the developing embryo and foetus; nutrition of the infant
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the respiratory system
O - Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
F - Exchange of CO2 and O2; regulation of hydrogen ion concentration in the body fluids
What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the urinary system
O - kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra
F - Regulation of plasma composition through controlled excretion of salts, water and organic wastes
What is fluid in the body and surrounding cells called
Extracellular fluid
What is interstitial fluid
extracellular fluid around and between cells
What is the space containing interstitial fluid called
Interstitium
What are amphipathic molecules
molecules that have a polar or ionised region
at one end and a nonpolar region at the
opposite end.
A level bio and chem basically
Directed reading Ch1 - Vanders?
