Lecture 1 - Atoms, Molecules, Cells Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle

A

Skeletal - Attached through other structures to bone or skin
Under voluntary control

Cardiac - Only found in the heart – specialised to pump blood
“involuntary” control

Smooth - Only found in the heart – specialised to pump blood
“involuntary” control

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2
Q

What is nervous tissue

A

A collection of neurons

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3
Q

What is a nerve

A

Neurons packaged together with connective tissue

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4
Q

What are the two sides of a cell

A

Apical and basolateral

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5
Q

What are the shapes of cells

A

Cuboidal (cube like)
Columnar (elongated)
Squamous (flattened)
Ciliated (specialised function)

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6
Q

What are the types of connective tissue

A

1) Loose Connective (e.g., meshwork of cells and fibers underlying tissues)
2) Dense Connective (e.g., rigid tissue making up ligaments and tendons)
3) Bone and Cartilage
4) Adipose
5) Blood

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7
Q

What is the function of the extracellular matrix

A

(1) It provides a scaffold for cellular attachments
(2) it transmits information to cells to regulate activity
(e.g., migration, growth, and differentiation).

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8
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the circulatory system

A

O - Heart, Blood vessels, Blood

F - Transport of blood throughout the body

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9
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the Digestive system

A

O - Mouth, Salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, anus, pancreas, liver, gall bladder

F - Digestion and absorption of nutrients and water elimination of waste

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10
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the endocrine system

A

O - All secreting glands or organs

F - Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body including growth, metabolism, reproduction, blood pressure, water and electrolyte balance etc…..

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11
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the immune system

A

O - White blood cells, spleen, thymus

F - Defence against pathogens

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12
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the integumentary system

A

O - Skin

F - Protection against injury and dehydration, defence against pathogens; regulation of body temperatures

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13
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the lymphatic system

A

O - Lymph vessels, Lymph Nodes

F - Collect extracellular fluid for return to circulation; participate in immune defences

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14
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the musculoskeletal system

A

O - Cartilage, bone, ligaments, tendons, joints, skeletal muscle

F - Support, protection and movement of the body; production of blood cells

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15
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the nervous system

A

O - Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and ganglia, sense organs

F - Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body, detection of and response to changes in the internal and external environments; states of consciousness, learning memory; emotion; others

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16
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the reproductive system

A

O - Male - testes, penis, and associated ducts and glands
Female - ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands

F - Male - production of sperm; transfer of sperm to Female
Female - production of eggs, provision of a nutritive environment for the developing embryo and foetus; nutrition of the infant

17
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the respiratory system

A

O - Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

F - Exchange of CO2 and O2; regulation of hydrogen ion concentration in the body fluids

18
Q

What are the organs or tissues and the primary function of the urinary system

A

O - kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra

F - Regulation of plasma composition through controlled excretion of salts, water and organic wastes

19
Q

What is fluid in the body and surrounding cells called

A

Extracellular fluid

20
Q

What is interstitial fluid

A

extracellular fluid around and between cells

21
Q

What is the space containing interstitial fluid called

A

Interstitium

22
Q

What are amphipathic molecules

A

molecules that have a polar or ionised region
at one end and a nonpolar region at the
opposite end.

23
Q

A level bio and chem basically

A

Directed reading Ch1 - Vanders?