Lecture 1

Question 1

Invented the whistle that generated high frequency sounds above the range of human hearing.

Answer 1

Galton

Question 2

Observed that bats navigate in the dark using high frequency echo location.

Answer 2

Spallanzani

Question 3

Invented the hydrophone, the basis for naval pulse-echo sonar.

Answer 3

Langevin

Question 4

Was the first to detect gallstones with ultrasound.

Answer 4

Ludwig

Question 5

Determined that frequency changes with motion.

Answer 5

Doppler

Question 6

Detected brain tumors with ultrasound.

Answer 6

Dussik

Question 7

Discovered that when certain crystals are deformed they produce electricity, and when electricity is applied to the crystal the crystal deforms (vibrates). (reception)

Answer 7

Currie brothers

Question 8

The effect discovered by the Currie brothers.

Answer 8

Piezoelectric Effect

Question 9

Used cattle tanks to produce ultrasonic images (water path scanner).

Answer 9

Holmes and Howry

Question 10

With B Mode (greyscale) imaging the depth of the reflector is determined by the _______ it takes for the echo to return.

Answer 10

time

Question 11

Mathematical formula the machine uses to determine the depth of a reflector.

Answer 11

Depth = Rate x Time /2

Question 12

With B mode (greyscale) imaging the brightness of a dot placed on the screen is determined by the _______ of the reflection.

Answer 12

Intensity (strength)

Question 13

Distance equation.

Answer 13

Distance = Rate x Time

Question 14

The format in which each pulse travels in the same direction from different starting points.

Answer 14

Linear

Question 15

How long does it take for sound to travel 2 cm and back through soft tissue?

Answer 15

13 us to travel 2 cm

26us

Question 16

The format in which each pulse originates from the same starting point but goes out in different directions.

Answer 16

Sector

Question 17

T/F: In color doppler, the color assigned to the top half of the color bar indicates that blood is flowing toward the transducer.

Answer 17

True.

Red - Toward

Question 18

In color doppler, the darker shades of color indicate:

Answer 18

slower areas of flow.

Question 19

A doppler shift can be represented by:

Answer 19

Sound, a waveform, or color.

Question 20

Centi is the metric prefix for:

Answer 20

Hundreths

Question 21

Milli is the metric prefix for:

Answer 21

Thousandths

Question 22

+6dB increases intensity:

Answer 22

4x

Question 23

-20dB decreases the intensity:

Answer 23

1/100 times the original.