Lecture 1 Flashcards
what is epizootiology?
science that studies origin, distribution, frequenc, developement and extinction of epizooties
basically: why, when, were, who
methods in epizootiology
descriptive method (most important)
- distribution of disease
historical comparative method
analytical (statistical method)
- testing a hypothesis
experiemental method
sociological method
theoretical method
morbidity rate
number of sick individuals over total
mortality rate
number of deaths over total population
lethality rate
number of deaths over sick population
incidence
rate of new cases
prevalence
number of cases in a particular time
infection definition
invasion of an organisms body tissues by pathogenic organism, multiplying and reaction of host tissue and production of the toxins
how can infection occur?
host
pathogen
opportunity to contact/penetrate
vogralik’s chain. (5)
pathogen - dose and virulence
source of infection
transmission
way of entry into the body
susceptibility
epidemic (epizootic) definition
outbreak of animal disease
temporary
widespread among animal population
endemic (enzootic) defintiion
particular locality at any time, without tendency of spreading widely
pandemic (panzootic)
widespread outbreak among large number of animals and usually more than 1 species
sporadic
occasionally, single or in irregular or random
based on the way of occurrence zoonoses could be divided in:
emerging zoonoses
- infectious disease whose incidence has increase in the past 20 years
re-emerging zoonoses
- increase in frequency due to a change in the pathogenic virulence and pathways of causative agents
“lingering” zoonoses
- killing thousands but not receiving attention because of the newly emerging zoonoses. they’re long lasting and slow to end
what is one health
collaborative, multisectoral and transdiscipliiary approach
goal = achieve optimal health outcomes recognising the interconnection between people, animals, plants and their shared environments
