Lecture 1 Flashcards
Salience of activity
The activity needs to matter to the patient, they may not want to certain things so activity must be relevant and easily perceived
Those with high ____/____ have better outcomes in physical therapy
self esteem self efficacy
Useful education techniques (5)
- pace information provided (one improvement at a time)
- provide feedback
- perform activities in as realistic setting as possible
- encourage patient’s questions and comments
- practice recall of information
_____ replaces compliance
adherence
A push/pull that creates an action of one body upon another
force
Goal of PT
create enough of the right kinds of forces to accomplish a task in the safest, most effective, and most efficient manner possible
Center of mass =
location on body?
what can affect center of mass
balance point
just anterior to S2
lack of limb, heavy cast
Force couple act together to …..
move an object about a pivot point
Tension is pulling ….
pulling on each end of a surface or attempting to stretch/ lengthen a tissue
Compression
pushing two surfaces together
Axial compression
compressive force that is directed along the long axis of a structre
Distraction
pulling that tries to seperate two forces
Shear
two forces opposite in direction that are parallel to contacting surfaces (ex femur and tibia)
Torsion
Twisting force about a structures long axis
Bending
pushing a load forward that bends around a pivot point creating tension and compression
Combined loading
a combination of more that one type of loading
Too little load is often due to
or possibly
- Immobilization or decreased activity
- muscle atrophy, bone loss
Too much load can be due to (2)
- single episode in which force exceeds tissue ability to accommodate it
- small repeated force that damages tissue
For promotion of STABILITY
-BOS
-line of gravity
-distance between COM and BOS is:
-COM is
-BOS: greater in area
-line of gravity acting on the object’s COM is at or near the center of the BOS
- distance between COM and BOS is shortened
-COM is lower and closer to BOS
For promotion of MOBILITY
-BOS
-line of gravity
-distance between COM and BOS is:
-BOS: smaller in area
-line of gravity is allowed to move beyond the center of the BOS
-distance of the COM above the BOS is greater
Newton’s 1st law
what is inertia
(intertia: the resistance to initiation of or change to motion)
- object at rest stays at rest, object in motion stays in motion unless acted on
Newton’s 2nd law (3)
-Force = mass x acceleration
-use momentum to decrease force required to accomplish a motion
-increasing time to lesson the effect of stopping a force (gymnast landing w knees bent)
Class 1 lever
the pivot lies between (middle) the load and the effort
(head and neck or see saw)
Newton’s 3rd law
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
