Gait, Stairs, and Posture Flashcards
The gait cycle is 60% _________ and 40% ________
Stance phase, Swing phase
The 7 Steps of the Gait Cycle
Categorize into Stance vs Swing phase
Stance phase
- Heel Strike (initial contact)
- Loading response (flat foot)
- Midstance
- Terminal stance (heel off)
- Preswing (toe off)
Swing phase
- Initial and Mid swing
- Terminal swing
The “push off” section of the gait cycle is during
terminal stance and preswing (toe off)
Why would a patient have a foot slap
weakness of dorsiflexors
What is the function of the foot during initial contact/ heel strike?
This begins the first phase of?
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
-establish contact with the ground surface and initiate weight acceptance
-double support
ankle: concen to eccen dorsiflex
knee: eccen exten
hip: concen extens and eccen flex
Main extensor of the knee
Quad
Extensors of the hip
Glut max, Add mag, Hammy
Where is the start and end of loading phase/flat foot?
How does the foot accept shock?
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
-begins with initial contact and continues until contralateral foot leaves the ground
-rolls into pronation
ankle: eccen dorsif
knee: eccen ext, concen flex
hip: concen ext (gradual ext)
Where is the start and end of mid stance?
How is the body supported?
What phases does it move from?
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
-begins when contral foot leaves ground and continues until ipsi heel lifts off ground
-by a single
-from force absorption at impact to force propulsion forward
ankle: eccen plantarf and concen dorsif (gradual dorsif)
knee: concen ext
hip: concen ext (gradual ext)
Where is the start and end of early swing?
Function?
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
-begins when the foot leaves the ground until it is aligned with contral ankle
-advance limb and shorten limb for foot clearance
ankle: eccen dorsi then concen dorsi and eccen plantar
knee: eccen extens and concen flex
foot: concen flex
Where is the start and end of terminal stance (heel off)?
How is the body supported?
The ____ the body forward.
How is the bodyweight divided?
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
Begins when the heel leaves the floor and continues until the contral foot contacts the ground
-through single leg support and stability
-propels
-over the metatarsal heads
ankle: eccen plantar, then conc plantar
knee: concen ext, then eccen ext and conc flex
hip: eccen flex
Where is the start and end of pre swing/toe off?
Provides the final burst of …
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
-begins when the contral foot contacts the ground and continues until ipsi foot leaves the ground
-propulsion as the toe leaves the ground
ankle: conc platarf
knee: eccen extens
foot: concen flex
Where is the start and end of mid swing?
Function?
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
-begins from the ankle and foot alignment and continues until the swing leg tibia is vertical
-advance limb and shorten limb for foot clearance
ankle: conc dorsi
knee: eccen flex
foot: concen flex
Where is the start and end of late swing/deceleration?
Limb advancement slows …
muscle actions of the ankle, knee, and hip (concentric vs eccentric)
-begins when the swing leg tibia is vertical and ends with initial contact
-limb advancement slows in preperation
ankle: conc dorsi
knee: eccen flex then concen flex
foot: concen flex and eccen exten, then concen extens
Two point gait pattern
AD and contralateral LE advance simul
